BibTex RIS Cite

Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings

Year 2015, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 02.06.2015

Abstract

Abstract:

Neuroimaging has been used in schizophrenia since the invention of computed tomography and new modalities are introduced as technology advances. Magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide imaging are such techniques that are currently used in neuroimaging. Although neuroimaging is an indispensible tool for psychiatric reseach, its clinical utility is questionable until new modalities become more accessible and regularly used in clinical practice. The aim of this paper is to provide clinicians with an introductory knowledge on neuroimaging in schizophrenia including basic physics principles, current contributions to general understanding and treatment of schizophrenia and possible future applications of neuroimaging.

Keywords:

Schizophrenia, Neuroimaging, CT, MRI, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy, fMRI, Diffusion tensor imaging, SPECT, PET.


References

  • Weinberger DR, Wagner RL, Wyatt RJ. Neuropathological studies in schizophrenia: a selective review. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1983; 9: 193- 212.
  • Andreasen NC, Olsen S. Negative and positive schizophrenia. Definition and validation. Archives of General Psychiaty 1982; 39: 789-794.
  • Bushong SC. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical and Biological Principles (3rd ed). St.Louis: Mosby, 2003.
  • Texada JC, Singh SP. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. In: Canon CL (ed). Radiology Specialty Board Review (1st ed). New York: McGraw Hill 2010, 149-159.
  • Lieberman J, Chakos M, Wu H, et al. Longitudinal study of brain morphology in first episodes of schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 49: 487-499.
  • Kasai K, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, et al. Progressive decrease of left superior temporal gyrus gray matter volume in patients with first episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 156-164.
  • Szeszko PR, Bilder RM, Lencz T, et al. Reduced anterior cingulate gyrus volume correlates with executive dysfunction in men with first episode schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2000; 43: 97- 108.
  • Nestor PG, O'Donnell BF, McCarley RW, et al. A new statistical method of testing hypotheses of neuropsychological / MRI relationships in schizophrenia: partial least squares analysis. Schizophrenia Reseach 2002; 53: 57-66.
  • Gur RE, Turetsky BI, Cowell PE, et al. Temporolimbic volume reductions in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 2000; 57: 769-775.
  • Rajaredhinam R, DeQuardo JR, Miedler J, et al. Hippocampus and amygdala in schizophrenia: assessment of the relationship of neuroanatomy to psychopathology. Psychiatric Research 2001; 108: 79- 87.
  • Tuncel E. Clinical Radiology. (2nd ed). Istanbul: Nobel, 2008.
  • Steen RG, Hamer RM, Lieberman JA. Measurement of brain metabolites by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2005; 30: 1949-1962.
  • Abbott C, Bustillo J. What have we learned from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy about schizophrenia? A critical update. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2006; 19: 135-139.
  • McGuire PK, Shah GM, Murray RM. Increased blood flow in Broca's area during auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Lancet 1999; 342: 703-706.
  • Dierks T, Linden DE, Jandl M, et al. Activation of Heschl's gyrus during auditory hallucinations. Neuron 1999; 22: 615-621.
  • Callicot J, Mattay V, Verchinski B, et al. Complexity of prefrontal cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia: More than up or down. American Journal of Psychiatry 2003; 160: 2209-2215.
  • Tost H, Ende G, Ruf M, et al. Functional imaging in schizophrenia. International Review of Neurobiology 2005; 67: 95-118.
  • Thermenos HW, Keshavan MS, Juelich RJ, et al. A review of neuroimaging studies of young relatives of individuals with schizophrenia: a developmental perspective from schizotazia to schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropschiatr Genet 2013; 162B: 604- 635.
  • Abbott CC, Jaramillo A, Wilcox CE, et al. Antipsychotic drug effects in schizophrenia: a review of longitudinal FMRI investigations and neural interpretations. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20: 428-437.
  • Kanaan RAA, Kim J, Kaufmann VE, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging in schizophrenia. Biological Pscyhiatry 2005; 58: 921-929.
  • Kubicki M, McCarley R, Westin CF, et al. A review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in schizophrenia. Journal of Pschiaty Research 2007; 41: 15-30.
  • Parellada E, Catafao AM, Bernardo M, et al. The resting and activation issue of hypofrontality: a single photon tomography and neuropsychological assessment of schizophrenic brain function. Biological Psychiatry 1998; 44: 787-900.
  • Erritzoe D, Talbot P, Frankel WG, et al. Positron emission tomography and single photon emission CT molecular imaging in schizophrenia. Neuroimaging Clinic of North Am 2003; 13: 817-832.
  • Kapur S, Seemann P. Does fast dissociation from the dopamine d2 receptor explain the action of atypical antipsychotics? A new hypothesis. American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158: 360-369.
  • Abi-Dargham A, Laruelle M. Mechanism of action of second-generation antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: insights from brain imaging studies. Eur Psychiatry 2005; 20: 15-27.
  • Zipursky RB, Meyer JH, Verhoeff NP. PET and SPECT imaging in psychiatric disorders. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 2007; 52: 146-157.
  • Paschier J, Gunn RN, van Waarde A. Imaging type 1 glycine transporters in the CNS using positron emission tomography. In: Dierckx RAJO, Otte A, de Vries EFJ (eds). PET and SPECT of Neurobiological Systems. Heidelberg: Springer 2014; 321-330.
Year 2015, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 02.06.2015

Abstract

References

  • Weinberger DR, Wagner RL, Wyatt RJ. Neuropathological studies in schizophrenia: a selective review. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1983; 9: 193- 212.
  • Andreasen NC, Olsen S. Negative and positive schizophrenia. Definition and validation. Archives of General Psychiaty 1982; 39: 789-794.
  • Bushong SC. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical and Biological Principles (3rd ed). St.Louis: Mosby, 2003.
  • Texada JC, Singh SP. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. In: Canon CL (ed). Radiology Specialty Board Review (1st ed). New York: McGraw Hill 2010, 149-159.
  • Lieberman J, Chakos M, Wu H, et al. Longitudinal study of brain morphology in first episodes of schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 49: 487-499.
  • Kasai K, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, et al. Progressive decrease of left superior temporal gyrus gray matter volume in patients with first episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 156-164.
  • Szeszko PR, Bilder RM, Lencz T, et al. Reduced anterior cingulate gyrus volume correlates with executive dysfunction in men with first episode schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 2000; 43: 97- 108.
  • Nestor PG, O'Donnell BF, McCarley RW, et al. A new statistical method of testing hypotheses of neuropsychological / MRI relationships in schizophrenia: partial least squares analysis. Schizophrenia Reseach 2002; 53: 57-66.
  • Gur RE, Turetsky BI, Cowell PE, et al. Temporolimbic volume reductions in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry 2000; 57: 769-775.
  • Rajaredhinam R, DeQuardo JR, Miedler J, et al. Hippocampus and amygdala in schizophrenia: assessment of the relationship of neuroanatomy to psychopathology. Psychiatric Research 2001; 108: 79- 87.
  • Tuncel E. Clinical Radiology. (2nd ed). Istanbul: Nobel, 2008.
  • Steen RG, Hamer RM, Lieberman JA. Measurement of brain metabolites by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2005; 30: 1949-1962.
  • Abbott C, Bustillo J. What have we learned from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy about schizophrenia? A critical update. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2006; 19: 135-139.
  • McGuire PK, Shah GM, Murray RM. Increased blood flow in Broca's area during auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Lancet 1999; 342: 703-706.
  • Dierks T, Linden DE, Jandl M, et al. Activation of Heschl's gyrus during auditory hallucinations. Neuron 1999; 22: 615-621.
  • Callicot J, Mattay V, Verchinski B, et al. Complexity of prefrontal cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia: More than up or down. American Journal of Psychiatry 2003; 160: 2209-2215.
  • Tost H, Ende G, Ruf M, et al. Functional imaging in schizophrenia. International Review of Neurobiology 2005; 67: 95-118.
  • Thermenos HW, Keshavan MS, Juelich RJ, et al. A review of neuroimaging studies of young relatives of individuals with schizophrenia: a developmental perspective from schizotazia to schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropschiatr Genet 2013; 162B: 604- 635.
  • Abbott CC, Jaramillo A, Wilcox CE, et al. Antipsychotic drug effects in schizophrenia: a review of longitudinal FMRI investigations and neural interpretations. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20: 428-437.
  • Kanaan RAA, Kim J, Kaufmann VE, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging in schizophrenia. Biological Pscyhiatry 2005; 58: 921-929.
  • Kubicki M, McCarley R, Westin CF, et al. A review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in schizophrenia. Journal of Pschiaty Research 2007; 41: 15-30.
  • Parellada E, Catafao AM, Bernardo M, et al. The resting and activation issue of hypofrontality: a single photon tomography and neuropsychological assessment of schizophrenic brain function. Biological Psychiatry 1998; 44: 787-900.
  • Erritzoe D, Talbot P, Frankel WG, et al. Positron emission tomography and single photon emission CT molecular imaging in schizophrenia. Neuroimaging Clinic of North Am 2003; 13: 817-832.
  • Kapur S, Seemann P. Does fast dissociation from the dopamine d2 receptor explain the action of atypical antipsychotics? A new hypothesis. American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158: 360-369.
  • Abi-Dargham A, Laruelle M. Mechanism of action of second-generation antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: insights from brain imaging studies. Eur Psychiatry 2005; 20: 15-27.
  • Zipursky RB, Meyer JH, Verhoeff NP. PET and SPECT imaging in psychiatric disorders. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 2007; 52: 146-157.
  • Paschier J, Gunn RN, van Waarde A. Imaging type 1 glycine transporters in the CNS using positron emission tomography. In: Dierckx RAJO, Otte A, de Vries EFJ (eds). PET and SPECT of Neurobiological Systems. Heidelberg: Springer 2014; 321-330.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Abdullah Yıldırım

Derya Tureli This is me

Publication Date June 2, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 20 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yıldırım, A., & Tureli, D. (2015). Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 20(1), 1-6.
AMA Yıldırım A, Tureli D. Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. June 2015;20(1):1-6.
Chicago Yıldırım, Abdullah, and Derya Tureli. “Schizophrenia: A Review of Neuroimaging Techniques and Findings”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 20, no. 1 (June 2015): 1-6.
EndNote Yıldırım A, Tureli D (June 1, 2015) Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 20 1 1–6.
IEEE A. Yıldırım and D. Tureli, “Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings”, EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2015.
ISNAD Yıldırım, Abdullah - Tureli, Derya. “Schizophrenia: A Review of Neuroimaging Techniques and Findings”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 20/1 (June 2015), 1-6.
JAMA Yıldırım A, Tureli D. Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. 2015;20:1–6.
MLA Yıldırım, Abdullah and Derya Tureli. “Schizophrenia: A Review of Neuroimaging Techniques and Findings”. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, vol. 20, no. 1, 2015, pp. 1-6.
Vancouver Yıldırım A, Tureli D. Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings. EASTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. 2015;20(1):1-6.