Research Article

Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study

Volume: 5 Number: 3 September 27, 2026
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Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of oral and maxillofacial surgery clinicians with different levels of surgical experience in assessing the relationship between impacted mandibular third molars and the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) on panoramic radiographs, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as the reference standard, and to investigate the influence of surgical experience on diagnostic performance. Methods: In this cross-sectional observer performance study, 88 oral and maxillofacial surgery clinicians (46 junior residents, 22 senior residents, and 20 practicing surgeons) evaluated 10 anonymized panoramic radiographs of impacted mandibular third molars presented through an online questionnaire. Participants classified the relationship between the third molar roots and the IAC as present, absent, or unsure. CBCT images of the corresponding cases were independently evaluated by two experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons and served as the reference standard. Diagnostic performance was compared among the three groups. Results: Participants correctly classified a mean of 5.11 ± 1.56 of the 10 cases. The mean number of correct responses was 4.91 ± 1.63 for junior residents, 5.60 ± 1.19 for senior residents, and 5.21 ± 1.67 for practicing oral and maxillofacial surgeons, with no statistically significant difference among the groups (p = 0.289). Diagnostic accuracy varied substantially across individual cases, ranging from 20.5% to 83.0%. Conclusion: Clinicians with different levels of surgical experience demonstrated comparable diagnostic performance when interpreting panoramic radiographs for assessing the relationship between impacted mandibular third molars and the inferior alveolar canal. The substantial variation in diagnostic accuracy among individual cases suggests that radiographic characteristics may influence interpretation more than clinical experience alone. These findings support panoramic radiography as the initial imaging modality while reinforcing the selective use of CBCT when panoramic findings are equivocal or indicate a high-risk canal–root relationship.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This research received no external funding.

Ethical Statement

The study protocol was approved by the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Bezmialem Vakıf University (Approval No: 2025/58; Date: 06 May 2025). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Participation was voluntary and anonymous, and electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Thanks

None.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 27, 2026

Submission Date

August 31, 2026

Acceptance Date

September 11, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 5 Number: 3

APA
Pamukçu, G., Başyıldız, S., & Önal, G. S. (2026). Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 5(3), 106-113. https://doi.org/10.66702/ejoms.2028899
AMA
1.Pamukçu G, Başyıldız S, Önal GS. Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study. EJOMS. 2026;5(3):106-113. doi:10.66702/ejoms.2028899
Chicago
Pamukçu, Gaye, Selahaddin Başyıldız, and Gaye Sezin Önal. 2026. “Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study”. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 5 (3): 106-13. https://doi.org/10.66702/ejoms.2028899.
EndNote
Pamukçu G, Başyıldız S, Önal GS (September 1, 2026) Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 5 3 106–113.
IEEE
[1]G. Pamukçu, S. Başyıldız, and G. S. Önal, “Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study”, EJOMS, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 106–113, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.66702/ejoms.2028899.
ISNAD
Pamukçu, Gaye - Başyıldız, Selahaddin - Önal, Gaye Sezin. “Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study”. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 5/3 (September 1, 2026): 106-113. https://doi.org/10.66702/ejoms.2028899.
JAMA
1.Pamukçu G, Başyıldız S, Önal GS. Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study. EJOMS. 2026;5:106–113.
MLA
Pamukçu, Gaye, et al. “Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study”. EurAsian Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 5, no. 3, Sept. 2026, pp. 106-13, doi:10.66702/ejoms.2028899.
Vancouver
1.Gaye Pamukçu, Selahaddin Başyıldız, Gaye Sezin Önal. Influence of Surgical Experience on Panoramic Radiographic Assessment of the Relationship Between Impacted Mandibular Third Molars and the Inferior Alveolar Canal: A CBCT-Based Observer Study. EJOMS. 2026 Sep. 1;5(3):106-13. doi:10.66702/ejoms.2028899

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