For Graphene Oxide Synthesis Obtained by Modified Hummers Method: Part 4, Raman Spectroscopy Analysis

Abstract

In this study, the conversion of graphene to oxide and the change of its structural properties as a result of the syntheses obtained by changing the sodium nitrate concentration in the Hummers method with Raman Spectroscopy analysis were investigated. In the Raman spectrum of graphite, characteristic bands of G (32.3% peak area) and 2D (54.1% peak area) were observed at 1573,7 cm-1 and 2692,3 cm-1. In the Raman spectra of graphene oxide syntheses, respectively; two distinct peaks were observed, a G band (~23% peak area) at 1582,1-1591,2 cm-1 and a D band (~51% peak area) at 1352,3 -1355,8 cm-1. In addition, a new D+D' band (~12% peak area) appeared in the synthesis samples at ~2928-2947 cm-1 and the 2D' band at 3228 cm-1 in graphite disappeared. After chemical oxidation, in graphene oxide syntheses it increased to ~51%, while the peak area of D band in graphite was 10.8% and in graphene oxide syntheses it decreased to ~15% while the peak area of 2D band in graphite was ~54%. The intensity ratio (ID/IG) of the D and G bands increased from ~0,73 to ~1,00 during the transition from graphite to graphene oxide. In addition, the width values at which the maximum peak heights of the D, G and 2D peaks were varied in the range of ~175-187, ~79-83 and ~300-500 cm-1 in the synthesis samples, while in graphite they were about 42, 25 and 73 cm-1, respectively. In the light of all the results, it can be said that the syntheses obtained under these conditions are graphene oxide samples with different properties and are in agreement with the literature.

Keywords

• Graphite
• Graphene oxide
• Hummers Method
• Nanomaterial
• Raman Spektroscopy.

Modifiye Hummers Yöntemi ile Elde Edilen Grafen Oksit Sentezleri İçin: Kısım 4, Raman Spektroskopisi Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Raman Spektroskopisi analizi ile Hummers yöntemindeki sodyum nitrat konsantrasyonunun değiştirilmesiyle elde edilen sentezler sonucunda grafen okside dönüşümü ve yapısal özelliklerinin değişimi incelenmiştir. Grafitin Raman spektrumunda; 1573,7 cm−1'de G (%32,3 pik alanlı) ve 2692,3 cm−1'de 2D (%54,1 pik alanlı) karakteristik bantları görülmüştür. Grafen oksit sentezlerinin Raman spektrumlarında ise sırasıyla; 1582,1 ve 1591,2 cm-1’de G bandı (~%23 pik alanlı) ve 1352,3 ve 1355,8 cm-1'de bir D bandı (~%51 pik alanlı) olmak üzere iki belirgin pik gözlenmiştir. Buna ilaveten sentez numunelerinde ~2928-2947 cm-1’de yeni bir D+D’ bandı (~%12 pik alanlı) ortaya çıkmış ve grafitte 3228 cm-1 'deki 2D’ bandı ise kaybolmuştur. Kimyasal oksidasyondan sonra, grafitteki D bandı pik alanının %10,8 iken grafen oksit sentezlerinde ~%51’e çıkmış ve grafitteki 2D bandı pik alanının ~%54 iken GO sentezlerinde ~%15’e azalmıştır. D ve G bantlarının şiddet oranı (ID/IG) grafitten grafen okside geçişte, ~0,73’den ~1,00’a yükselmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra D, G ve 2D piklerinin maksimum pik yüksekliklerinin yarıya düştüğü genişlik değerleri sırasıyla; grafitte yaklaşık 42, 25 ve73 cm-1 iken sentez numunelerinde ~175-187, ~79-83 ve ~300-500 cm-1 aralığında değişmiştir. Bütün sonuçlar ışığında, bu şartlarda elde edilen sentezlerin, farklı özelliklere sahip grafen oksit örnekleri oldukları ve literatür ile uyum içerisinde oldukları söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Grafit
• Grafen oksit
• Hummers Yöntemi
• Nanomalzeme
• Raman Spektroskopisi.

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