Abstract
Şüphesiz depremler, tüm dünyada ve ülkemizde, önlem alınmadığı takdirde, can ve mal kayıplarına sebep olan önemli doğa olaylarından biridir. Bir yapıda taşıyıcı sistem ne kadar sağlam olursa olsun, deprem sırasında zeminin taşıma gücünün azalması sebebiyle meydana gelen aşırı deplasman durumunda, yapının zarar görmemesi mümkün olmayacaktır. Bu çalışmada, bir derin iyileştirme yöntemi olan taş kolon yöntemi kullanılarak, Plaxis 2D sonlu elemanlar programı vasıtasıyla oluşturulan zemin modelleri ile deprem analizleri yapılmıştır. Analizlerde 24 Ocak 2020 tarihinde Türkiye’nin Elazığ şehrinde meydana gelen ve büyük kayıplara sebep olan depremin ivme kaydı kullanılmıştır. Taş kolonsuz zemin ile yapılan dinamik analizler sonrasında zemine, 60 cm çapında, taş kolonların merkezleri arası mesafenin (s) taş kolon çapına (D) oranı s/D=2 olacak şekilde taş kolon uygulaması yapılmıştır. Daha sonra taş kolon malzemesinin içsel sürtünme açısı (ϕ) 35°, 40°, 45° olarak değiştirilerek, dinamik analizler tekrar edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak deprem sırasında taş kolonsuz ve taş kolonlu zemin modelleri için zeminin dinamik zamana bağlı deplasman değişimleri incelenmiştir. Taş kolonların deprem sırasında meydana gelebilecek deplasmanları engellediği görülmüştür.
References
- Alzabeebee S., Seismic response and design of buried concrete pipes subjected to soil loads. Tunn Undergr Sp Technol 93:103084, 2019.
- Alzabeebee, S., Seismic settlement of a strip foundation resting on a dry sand. Natural Hazards, 103, 2395–2425. University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al‑Qadisiyah, 2020.
- Cengiz C. ve Güler E., Deprem Yüklerine Maruz Kalmış Geosentetik Donatılı Taş Kolonların Yük Taşıma Performansları ve Deformasyon Modları, Yedinci Ulusal Geosentetikler Konferansı, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, İstanbulG. R. Faulhaber, “Design of service systems with priority reservation,” in Conf. Rec. 1995 IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, pp. 3–8 2017.
- Meena NK. and Nimbalkar S., Effect of water drawdown and dynamic loads on piled raft: two-dimensional finite element approach. Infrastructures 4(4):75, 2019.
- Raikar P. Modelling Soil Damping for Suction Pile Foundations. Master of Science Thesis, Delft University of Technology., 2016.
- Sahinkaya F., Vekli, M. and Cadir C.C., Numerical analysis under seismic loads of soils improvement with floating stone columns. Natural Hazard, Volume 88, Issue 2, pp 891–917, 2017.
- Zhang J., Chen Y., Experimental study on mitigations of seismic settlement and tilting of structures by adopting improved soil slab and soil mixing walls. Sustainability 10(11):4069, 2018.
- Zhang L., Liu Y., Numerical investigations on the seismic response of a subway tunnel embedded in spatially random clays. Undergr Sp 5(1):43–52, 2020.
Abstract
Undoubtedly, earthquakes are one of the important natural events that cause loss of life and property all over the world and in our country, unless precautions are taken. No matter how strong a structure is, it will not be possible for the structure not to be damaged in case of excessive displacement due to the decrease in the bearing capacity of the soil during an earthquake. In this study, soil models improved with stone columns, which is a deep remediation method, were created using the Plaxis 2D finite element program and dynamic analyzes were performed. In the analysis, the acceleration record of the earthquake that occurred in Elazığ, Turkey on January 24, 2020 and caused great losses was used. After the dynamic analyzes with the stone columnless soil, a stone column was applied to the soil with a diameter of 60 cm, with the ratio of the distance between the centers of the stone columns (s) to the diameter of the stone columns (D) being s/D=2. Then, the internal friction angle (ϕ) of the stone column material was changed to 35°, 40°, 45° and dynamic analyzes were repeated. As a result, dynamic time-dependent displacement changes of the soil were investigated for the soil models with and without stone columns during the earthquake. It has been observed that the stone columns prevent the displacements that may occur during the earthquake.
References
- Alzabeebee S., Seismic response and design of buried concrete pipes subjected to soil loads. Tunn Undergr Sp Technol 93:103084, 2019.
- Alzabeebee, S., Seismic settlement of a strip foundation resting on a dry sand. Natural Hazards, 103, 2395–2425. University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al‑Qadisiyah, 2020.
- Cengiz C. ve Güler E., Deprem Yüklerine Maruz Kalmış Geosentetik Donatılı Taş Kolonların Yük Taşıma Performansları ve Deformasyon Modları, Yedinci Ulusal Geosentetikler Konferansı, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, İstanbulG. R. Faulhaber, “Design of service systems with priority reservation,” in Conf. Rec. 1995 IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, pp. 3–8 2017.
- Meena NK. and Nimbalkar S., Effect of water drawdown and dynamic loads on piled raft: two-dimensional finite element approach. Infrastructures 4(4):75, 2019.
- Raikar P. Modelling Soil Damping for Suction Pile Foundations. Master of Science Thesis, Delft University of Technology., 2016.
- Sahinkaya F., Vekli, M. and Cadir C.C., Numerical analysis under seismic loads of soils improvement with floating stone columns. Natural Hazard, Volume 88, Issue 2, pp 891–917, 2017.
- Zhang J., Chen Y., Experimental study on mitigations of seismic settlement and tilting of structures by adopting improved soil slab and soil mixing walls. Sustainability 10(11):4069, 2018.
- Zhang L., Liu Y., Numerical investigations on the seismic response of a subway tunnel embedded in spatially random clays. Undergr Sp 5(1):43–52, 2020.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 31, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 |