Önemli Kış Turizm Merkezi Olan Erzurumunda Pasif Kar Örnekleyicisi ile Farklı Yüzey ve Derinliklerdeki Poliklorlu Bifenillerin (PCB’lerin) Konsantrasyon ve Bulk Çökelme Akılarının Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Yapılan çalışmada, 82 adet atmosferik çökelen PCB türünü belirlemek için, 4 haftalık Erzurumun Kent (Atatürk üniversitesi kampüsü: AÜK) ve Kırsal (Palandöken dağ bölgesi: PDB) alanlarında kar örneklemesi gerçekleştirildi. Bu amaçla partikül faz PCB’lerin atmosferik çökelme konsantrasyonları (pg/L), kademeli derinliklerdeki infiltrasyon konsantrasyonları (pg/L) ve toplam çökelme akılarını (ng/m2-gün) belirlemek için pasif örnekleme yöntemi ile özel tasarlanmış kar toplama aparatı kullanılarak kar numuneleri toplandı. Elde edilen veriler meteorolojik faktörler ile de ilişkilendirildi. Çalışmada, 2 farklı noktada ve haftada bir olmak üzere toplam 24 adet pasif kar örneklemesi yapıldı. Toplanan örnekler literatürde kabul görmüş uygun metotlar ile ekstraksiyon deneylerine tabi tutuldu. Örnekler GC-MS cihazında analiz edildi. Araştırılan 82 PCB türünden toplam 13’ü tespit edildi. Diğer taraftan PCB’lerin 4 haftalık partikül faz ortalamalarının toplam konsantrasyonları AÜK ve PDB için sırasıyla; 246,76 pg/L ve 70,16 pg/L olarak hesaplandı. Her iki örnekleme noktası için kademeli derinlikler (0-5 cm; 15-20 cm; 30-35 cm) kullanıldı. AÜK için PCB konsantrasyonları, 0,28 pg/L’den (PCB#8/5) 14,66 pg/L’e (PCB#28) kadar değişim gösterdiği tespit edildi. PDB için ise 0,10 pg/L’den (PCB#8/5) 4,82 (PCB#163/138) pg/L’e kadar değiştiği belirlendi. Ayrıca AÜK ve PDB’ de ortalama toplam Bulk çökelme akıları da sırasıyla; 0,96 ng/m2-gün ve 0,54 ng/m2-gün olarak tespit edildi. Diğer taraftan tespit edilen PCB türlerinin homolog grupları bakımından 6-, 3- ve 4-CB’ lerin baskın olduğu görüldü. Sonuç olarak Erzurum’ da belirlenen PCB türleri literatür ile karşılaştırıldığında hem sayısal hem de konsantrasyon olarak daha düşük tespit edildi.

Keywords

• Poliklorlu Bifeniller
• Kar
• Pasif Örnekleme
• Ekstraksiyon
• GC-MS
• Erzurum.
• Poliklorlu Bifeniller, Kar, Pasif Örnekleme, Ekstraksiyon, GC-MS, Erzurum.

Determination of Concentration and Bulk Precipitation Fluxes of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) at Different Surfaces and Depths with Passive Snow Sampler in Erzurum, an Important Winter Tourism Center

Abstract

In the study, snow sampling was carried out in the Urban (Atatürk University campus: AUC) and Rural (Palandöken mountain region: PMR) areas of Erzurum for 4 weeks to determine 82 atmospheric deposition PCB congeneres. For this purpose, snow samples were collected using a specially designed snow collector with passive sampling method to determine atmospheric deposition concentrations (pg/L), infiltration concentrations at graded depths (pg/L) and total deposition fluxes (ng/m2-day) of particulate phase PCBs gathered. The data obtained were also associated with meteorological factors. In the study, a total of 24 passive snow sampling was done at 2 different points and once a week. The collected samples were applied to extraction experiments with appropriate methods accepted in the literature. . Samples were analyzed in the GC-MS instrument. A total of 13 of the 82 PCB types investigated were detected. On the other hand, the total concentrations of the 4-week particle phase averages of PCBs for AUC and PDB, respectively; It was calculated as 246.76 pg/L and 70.16 pg/L. Graded depths (0-35 cm) were used for both sampling points. PCB concentrations for AUC were found to vary from 0.28 pg/L (PCB#8/5) to 14.66 pg/L (PCB#28). For PMR, it was determined that it ranged from 0.10 pg/L (PCB#8/5) to 4.82 (PCB#163/138) pg/L. In addition, the average total bulk deposition fluxes in AUC and PDB are respectively; It was determined as 0.96 ng/m2-day and 0.54 ng/m2-day. On the other hand, it was seen that 6-, 3- and 4-CBs were dominant in terms of homologous groups of detected PCB congeneres. As a result, PCB congeneres determined in Erzurum were found to be lower both numerically and in concentration when compared with the literature.

Keywords

• Polychlorinated Biphenyls
• Snow
• Passive Sampling
• Extraction
• GC-MS
• Erzurum.

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