IoMT-Based Smart Shoe Design for Flat Feet and Healthy Foot Gait Analysis

Year 2022, , 108 - 112, 31.10.2022

Afet Mustafaoglu , Faruk Aktaş

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1187837

Abstract

Flat feet is a condition that negatively affects the quality of life of the person, causing various health problems such as early fatigue, pain in the feet, pressing in, knees bumping, and lower back pain. When flat feet is untreated, it causes various health problems as progress an age such as deformity in the feet and calcification in the waist. Therefore, in order to apply the proper treatment, it is necessary to measure and identify the flatness. Innovative technologies used in health care are called the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). IoMT is based on the principle that the data are collected through numerous sensors, pre-processed from smart devices, transferred through the access points, and analyzed through the server to enhance patients' health. In this study, IoMT-based smart shoes were designed to observe the pressure differences in healthy foot compared to flat feet by the gait trials performed with the insole. In the smart shoe design, three force sensors are placed in the medial and lateral forefoot and rear foot to measure intense pressure on the sole. During the walking test, an accelerometer was used to collect speed data, and a Bluetooth module was used for wireless communication. This smart shoe also designed as an inexpensive alternative to the current motion capture systems.

Keywords

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), Pressure Sensor, Smart Shoes, Gait Analysis, Flat Feet, Smart Insole

Düz Taban ve Sağlıklı Taban Yürüyüş Analizi için Medikal Nesnelerin İnterneti Tabanlı Akıllı Ayakkabı Tasarımı

Abstract

Flat feet is a condition that negatively affects the quality of life of the person, causing various health problems such as early fatigue, pain in the feet, pressing in, knees bumping, and lower back pain. When flat feet is untreated, it causes various health problems as progress an age such as deformity in the feet and calcification in the waist. Therefore, in order to apply the proper treatment, it is necessary to measure and identify the flatness. Innovative technologies used in health care are called the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). IoMT is based on the principle that the data are collected through numerous sensors, pre-processed from smart devices, transferred through the access points, and analyzed through the server to enhance patients' health. In this study, IoMT-based smart shoes were designed to observe the pressure differences in healthy foot compared to flat feet by the gait trials performed with the insole. In the smart shoe design, three force sensors are placed in the medial and lateral forefoot and rear foot to measure intense pressure on the sole. During the walking test, an accelerometer was used to collect speed data, and a Bluetooth module was used for wireless communication. This smart shoe is also designed as an inexpensive alternative to the current motion capture systems.

Keywords

Medikal Nesnelerin İnterneti, Basınç Sensörü, Akıllı Ayakkabı, Yürüyüş Analizi, Düz Taban, Akıllı Taban

References

• Abtahi, M., Gyllinsky, J. V., Paesang, B., Barlow, S., Constant, M., Tully, O., D’Andrea, S. E., & Mankodiya, K. (2018). MagicSox: An E-textile IoT system to quantify gait abnormalities. Smart Health, 5-6, 4-14.
• Arduino, (2022, September 30), Retrieved from https://docs.arduino.cc/hardware/nano
• Bozbuğa, N., Tekbaş, M., & Gülseçen, S. (2021). Tıbbi Nesnelerin İnterneti (451-478). İstanbul University Press.
• Cheng, W. K., Lam, H. L., Lin, F., & Ge, M. (2019). A customizable smart shoes with location tracking function for the elderly. Materials Today: Proceedings, 16(3), 1423-1430. HC-06, (2022, September 30), Retrieved from https://www.direnc.net/hc06-arduino-bluetooth-modul
• Imaizumi, K., Iwakami, Y., & Yamashita, K. (2011, August 30-September 3). Analysis of foot pressure distribution data for the evaluation of foot arch type. 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS.
• Kumar, S., Arora, A. K., Gupta, P., & Saini, S. (2021). A Review of Applications, Security and Challenges of Internet of Medical Things. Hassenien, A. B., Khamparia, A., Gupta, D., Shankar, K., & Slowik, A. (Eds), Cognitive Internet of Medical Things for Smart Healthcare Services and Applications (pp. 1-23), Cham: Switzerlang: Springer.
• Sullivan, M., Knox, C., & Ding, J. (2017). sIoT-shoe: A Smart IoT-shoe for Gait Assistance. Miami University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
• Thingspeak, (2022, September 29), Retrieved from https://thingspeak.com/
• Whittle, M. V. (2007). An Introduction to Gait Analysis. Butterworth-Heinemann; 4th edition.
• Xia, H., Xu, J., Hunt, M. A., & Shull, P. B. (2017). Validation of a smart shoe for estimating foot progression angle during walking gait. Journal of Biomechanics, 61, 193-198.