Synthesis, Characterization and Investigation of Gas Sensing Properties of Poly (sodium 4-styrene sulfonate)-Decorated SnO2 Nanoparticles

Abstract

In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-Tin Oxide/Poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PEG-SnO2/PSS) nanocomposites were prepared by hydrothermal method in the presence of dimethyl formamide (DMF) for 2 hours. For this purpose, SnO2 nanoparticles of 16.4 nm size previously synthesized using PEG as a surfactant were used. The PEG-SnO2/PSS nanocomposite was synthesized with PSS and PEG-SnO2 in the presence of DMF at a reaction temperature of 0°C for 2 hours. The morphology and elemental analysis of PEG-SnO2/PSS nanocomposite were analyzed by scanning electron microcopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR and XRD analyzes showed that SnO2 nanoparticles were incorporated into the PSS polymer structure, while SEM and EDS analysis showed that the morphological structure of SnO2 nanoparticles was transformed from nanostructures into microsphere by encapsulating them with PSS polymer. Also, the results showed that the PEG-SnO2 surface was coated with PSS at an encapsulation rate of 39.53% under strong π-π interactions. Gas sensitivities of these samples against volatile organic compound (VOC) vapors such as ammonia, ethanol, acetone, formaldehyde and chloroform were investigated by two probe techniques using electrometer at room temperature. PEG-SnO2 nanoparticles showed high detection performance for ethanol gas. The pure PSS illustrated a high level of sensitivity to all VOC gases. According to the experimental results, it can be said that the PEG-SnO2 nanocomposite encapsulated by PSS can be used as a gas sensor material.

Keywords

• PSS
• SnO2
• Nanoparticle
• Nanocomposite
• Hydrothermal method
• VOC

Poli(sodyum 4-stiren sülfonat) Kaplı SnO2 Nanoparçacıklarının Sentezi, Karakterizasyonu ve Gaz Algılama Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, poli(etilen glikol)(PEG)-Kalay Oksit/poli(sodyum 4-stiren sülfonat) PEG-SnO2/PSS nanokompozitleri, 2 saat boyunca dimetil formamid (DMF) varlığında hidrotermal işlemle hazırlandı. Bunun için yüzey aktif madde PEG ile birlikte daha önceden sentezlenmiş olan 16,4 nm büyüklüğündeki SnO2 nanoparçacıkları kullanıldı. PEG-SnO2/PSS nanokompoziti, PSS ve PEG-SnO2 ile birlikte DMF varlığında 0°C reaksiyon sıcaklığında 2 saat sürede sentezlendi. Hazırlanan PEG-SnO2/PSS nanokompozitinin yapısal ve elementel analizi, taramalı elektron mikrokopisi (SEM), Enerji Dağılım X-Işınları Spektrometresi (EDS), X-ışını difraksiyonu (XRD) ve Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spektroskopisi teknikleri ile yapıldı. FTIR ve XRD analizleri SnO2 nanoparçacıklarının PSS polimer yapısına katıldığını gösterirken, SEM ve EDS analizleri SnO2 nanoparçacıklarının morfolojik yapısının, PSS ile kompozitleri hazırlandığında PSS polimeri ile kapsüllenerek nanoyapıdan mikroküre yapılara dönüştüğünü gösterdi. Ayrıca, sonuçlar, PEG-SnO2 yüzeyinin, güçlü π-π etkileşimleri altında PSS ile % 39,53'lük bir kapsülleme oranı ile kaplandığını gösterdi. Bu örneklerin amonyak, etanol, aseton, formaldehit ve kloroform gibi uçucu organik bileşen (VOC) buharlarına karşı gaz duyarlılıkları, oda sıcaklığında, iki probe tekniği ile elektrometre kullanılarak incelendi. PEG-SnO2 nanoparçacıklarının etanol gazı için yüksek algılama performansı sergilediği görüldü. Saf olarak kullanılan PSS, VOC gazlarının hepsine karşı yüksek oranda duyarlılık gösterdi. Deney sonuçlarına göre, PSS ile kapsüllenen PEG-SnO2 nanokompozitinin gaz sensörü malzemesi olarak kullanım potansiyelinin arttırılabildiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PSS
• SnO2
• Nanoparçacık
• Nanokompozit
• Hidrotermal yöntem
• VOC

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