Soğuk Press Kiraz (Prunus avium) Tohum Yağının Bazı Fizikokimyasal Özellikleri

Öz

Bu çalışma kiraz çekirdeği yağının fizikokimyasal özellikleri (PV, FFA, toplam fenolik madde ve antioksidan aktivite), yağ asidi, sterol, tokoferol ve fenolik bileşen kompozisyonunu belirlenmesini amaçlamıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan kiraz çekirdeği yağı soğuk presleme yöntemiyle eld edilmiştir. Kiraz çekirdeği yağının PV ve FFA değerleri sırasıyla 1.40 meqO2/kg ve 2.71 % olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kiraz çekirdeği yağının görünür viskozite değeri 0.057 Pa.s olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kiraz çekirdeği yağının TPC ve AC değerleri sırasıyla 22.17 mg/kg ve 1.05 TE μM g-1. Kiraz çekirdeği yağının doymamış yağ asitleri miktarı doymuş yağ aside miktarından daha yüksek olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yağın tekli doymamış yağ asitleri miktarı (%40.50) çoklu doymaış yağ asitleri miktarından (%52.03) daha az çıkmıştır. Oleik ve linoleic asit major yağ asitleri olarak tespit edilmiş ve değerleri %36.73 ve %39.45 olarak bulunmuştur. 14 farklı bitkisel sterol tanımlanmıştır. -sitosterol %88.93 oranıyla en yüksek miktarda tespit edilen steroldür. -sitosterolden sonra Kampesterol (3.12%), 7-stigmasterol (2.48%), 5-avenasterol (2.12%) ve sitostanol (1.42%) yüksek miktarda tespit edilen sterollerdir. Diğer steroller az miktarda tespit edilmiştir (<%1). , ,  and  olmak üzere 4 farklı tokoferol kiraz çekirdeği yağının karakterizasyonu için tanımlanmıştır. - tokoferol (%96.72) major olarak tespit edilmiştir. -tokoferolü -tocopherols (57.40 mg/kg) ve  tocopherols takip etmiştir. - düşük oranda tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma kiraz çekirdeği yağının yüksek biyoaktif madde içermesi ve düşük PV ve FFA değerlerinden dolayı gıda sanaayinde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kiraz çekirdeği yağı,soğuk pres yağ,fenolik profili,sterol kompozisyonu,tokoferol

Characterization of Some Physicochemical Properties of Cold Press Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium) Seed Oil

Abstract

This study aimed to determine physicochemical properties (PV, FFA, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity), fatty acid, sterol, tocopherol and phenolic compound profile of sweet cherry seed oil. Sweet cherry oil was obtained by cold press process. Tocopherol and phenolic compounds were determined by HPLC and fatty acid and sterol composition were analyzed by GC system. PV and FFA values were found as 1.40 meqO2/kg and 2.71 % respectively. Apparent viscosity value was 0.057 Pa.s. TPC and AC values of the sweet cherry oil were determined as 22.17 mg/kg and 1.05 TE μM g-1. UFA content was higher than that of the SFA. SFA and UFA levels were 10.47% and 89.53 % respectively. MUFA (40.50 %) level was lower than PUFA level (52.03%). Oleic acid and linoleic acid were found to be major fatty acids with a ratio of 36.73% and 39.45 %, respectively. 14 different sterols were analyzed for sweet cherry seed oil. -sitosterol was found to be the major sterol with a ratio of 88.93 % followed by campesterol (3.12%), 7-stigmasterol (2.48%), 5-avenasterol (2.12%) and sitostanol (1.42%). Other sterols showed small amount (<1%). Total four tocopherols namely, , ,  and  tocopherols were identified for sweet cherry oils. -tocopherols (96.72 mg /kg) were found as major tocopherol followed by -tocopherols (57.40 mg/kg) and  tocopherols. -tocopherol showed a small amount. This study suggested that sweet cherry seed oil can be utilized in food industry due to high level of bioactive compounds and low levels of PV and FFA content.

Keywords

• Cherry seed oil,, cold press oil,phenolic profile,sterol composition,tocopherol

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