Research Article

Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure

Number: 18 April 15, 2020
TR EN

Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mechanical ventilation is a useful supportive treatment for patients with respiratory failure who are not able to maintain the level of ventilation required to maintain the oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination. Mechanical ventilation is often life-saving but it also has risks. Thermodynamic analyses are used to test the feasibility of processes leading to a better understanding of the systems overall performance. Energy losses (entropy) and the destruction of maximum useful work (exergy) leading to reduced respiratory work of breathing efficiency, can be calculated by thermodynamic analysis of the respiratory muscles. OBJECTIVE: To determine the entropy generation, exergy destruction and glucose consumption during and after weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with respiratory failure by thermodynamic analysis. METHODS: In this study, a human respiratory system during and after weaning from mechanical ventilation was modelled thermodynamically using the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Work of breathing data is adapted from the literature. Mass and energy analyzes are carried out according to the 1st law of thermodynamics while entropy generation is calculated according to the 2nd law of thermodynamics which enables us to measure energy losses. In this thermodynamic model, the body temperature was considered at 37 °C, and surrounding air condition was taken at 25 °C. RESULTS: Exergy destructions during and after weaning from mechanical ventilation were calculated as 2.23x10-2 and 1.75x10-2 kJ/min, respectively. Entropy generation by the patients through the breathing cycle was 7.48x10-5 (kJ/K)/min during mechanical ventilation while 5.89x10-5 (kJ/K)/min after weaning from mechanical ventilation, respectively. The glucose consumed for work of breathing in patients during and after weaning from mechanical ventilation was calculated as 0.58-0.45 mmol/min, respectively. CONCLUSION: After weaning from mechanical ventilation, the patients have significantly decreased entropy generation, exergy destruction and glucose consumption indicating to the improvements in structure of respiratory mechanics and diaphragm perfusion. The reductions in entropy generation and exergy destruction after weaning from mechanical ventilation indicates also an increase in the mechanical efficiency of the respiratory muscles. According to the results of the energy balance analysis, the decrease in muscle energy requirement was determined and it was found by the calculations that the patient used 1.3 times more glucose during mechanical ventilation than after weaning from mechanical ventilation for work of breathing. In this study, thermodynamic approach was used to determine the benefit of mechanical ventilation. More powerful work and multidisciplinary data are needed to progress reliable procedures.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

April 15, 2020

Submission Date

January 18, 2020

Acceptance Date

February 23, 2020

Published in Issue

Year 2020 Number: 18

APA
Çatak, J., Develi, E., & Bayram, S. (2020). Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 18, 283-289. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.690568
AMA
1.Çatak J, Develi E, Bayram S. Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure. EJOSAT. 2020;(18):283-289. doi:10.31590/ejosat.690568
Chicago
Çatak, Jale, Elif Develi, and Serkan Bayram. 2020. “Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With Respiratory Failure”. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, nos. 18: 283-89. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.690568.
EndNote
Çatak J, Develi E, Bayram S (April 1, 2020) Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 18 283–289.
IEEE
[1]J. Çatak, E. Develi, and S. Bayram, “Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure”, EJOSAT, no. 18, pp. 283–289, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.31590/ejosat.690568.
ISNAD
Çatak, Jale - Develi, Elif - Bayram, Serkan. “Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With Respiratory Failure”. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. 18 (April 1, 2020): 283-289. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.690568.
JAMA
1.Çatak J, Develi E, Bayram S. Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure. EJOSAT. 2020;:283–289.
MLA
Çatak, Jale, et al. “Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With Respiratory Failure”. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, no. 18, Apr. 2020, pp. 283-9, doi:10.31590/ejosat.690568.
Vancouver
1.Jale Çatak, Elif Develi, Serkan Bayram. Entropy Generation and Exergy Destruction During and After Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure. EJOSAT. 2020 Apr. 1;(18):283-9. doi:10.31590/ejosat.690568

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