Adsorption of Basic Blue-16 Dye onto Clay

Abstract

Cationic dye, basic blue 16 (BB16), adsorption onto montmorillonitic clay was studied in a batch system, and adsorption equilibrium, thermodynamics and mechanism were investigated. In this scope, adsorption tests were carried out at various temperatures, initial dye concentrations and pHs. Also, zeta potential measurements at different temperatures were performed and FTIR spectrums of clay samples were obtained before and after dye adsorption tests. Three-parameter (Redlich–Peterson, Sips, Toth and Khan) and twoparameter (Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich) adsorption isotherm models were applied on the obtained experimental results and the model constants were calculated. Three-parameter isotherms showed relatively higher regression coefficients and lower relative errors (<5%) than two-parameter isotherms. Of the two-parameter isotherms, the Freundlich isotherm best described the experimental data while the best fitting isotherms were Sips and Khan for three-parameter isotherms. Maximum experimental adsorption capacity was found to be 509.7, 525.0 and 570.7 mg/g for 15, 25 and 35 ºC, respectively, for the initial BB16 concentration of 1400 mg/l. Gibbs adsorption free energy(Go), enthalpy (Ho) and entropy(So) were calculated using the adsorption isotherms obtained at various temperatures. Negative Gibbs free energy shows the BB16 dye adsorption onto clay is spontaneous. The possible interaction mechanisms causing to dye adsorption between the dye molecule and clay can be listed as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction and dye-dye interaction. 

Keywords

• Adsorption
• Basic dye
• Clay
• Isoterm
• Thermodynamic
• FTIR

Bazik Mavi-16 Boyarmaddesinin Kil Üzerine Adsorpsiyonu

Öz

Katyonik bir boya olan bazik mavi-16 (BB16)’nın kesikli bir sistemde montmorillonitik kil üzerine adsorpsiyonu çalışıldı ve adsorpsiyon dengesi, adsorpsiyon termodinamiği ve adsorpsiyon mekanizmaları incelendi. Bu kapsamda farklı sıcaklıklarda, farklı boya başlangıç konsantrasyonlarında ve farklı pH’larda adsorpsiyon testleri uygulandı. Ayrıca farklı sıcaklıklarda zeta potansiyel (ZP) ölçümleri yapıldı ve adsorpsiyondan önce ve sonra kilin FTIR spektrumları alındı. Deneysel olarak elde edilen adsorpsiyon verilerine, iki parametreli (Freundlich, Langmuir, Tempkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R)) ve üç parametreli (Redlich-Peterson(R-D), Sips, Toth ve  Khan) adsorpsiyon izoterm modelleri uygulanarak modellendi ve izoterm sabitleri hesaplandı. İki parametreli izoterm modelleri içerisinde Freundlich ve üç parametreli izoterm modelleri içerisinde ise Sips ve Khan modelleri deney verilerine en uygun modeller oldu. Giriş konsantrasyonu 1400 mg/l BB16 için montmorillonitik kilin maksimum adsorplama kapasitesi 15, 25 ve 35 ºC sıcaklıklar için sırasıyla 509,7; 525,0 ve 570,7 mg/g’dır. Farklı sıcaklıklarda elde edilen adsorpsiyon izotermleri kullanılarak adsorpsiyon gibbs serbest enerjisi (DG^o), entalpisi(DH^o) ve entropisi (DS^o) hesaplandı. Elde edilen negatif DG değerleri, adsorpsiyonun kendiliğinden meydana geldiğini göstermektedir. BB16’nın montmorillonitik kil üzerine adsorpsiyonunu sağlayan olası mekanizmalar hidrojen bağı oluşumu, elektrostatik etkileşim ve boya-boya etkileşimi şeklinde sıralanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adsorpsiyon
• Bazik Boya
• Montmorillonit
• Izoterm
• Termodinamik
• FTIR

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