The Effects of Soaking and Autoclaving on Chemical and Nutritional Composition of the Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) Seed

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the nutrient composition of the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) seed and to determine the differences of these nutrients with some technological processes. For this purpose, the horse chestnut seed was divided into 3 groups as 1) raw, 2) soaking in cold water for 24 hours and 3) autoclaving at 121 °C for 60 minutes. The obtained groups were then analyzed under two groups as shelled and unshelled. The obtained data were analyzed in general linear model (GLM). As a result, the effect of the treatments applied on horse chestnut seed on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), Ether extract (EE), crude ash (CA), cellulose fractions and metabolic energy values were insignificant, while the tannin ratio decreased significantly in the autoclaved group. When horse chestnut seeds are compared with shell and without shell; while the content of DM, CP, EE and CA did not change, the starch content increased, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose contents decreased in the shell less horse chestnut seed. The tannin ratio was significantly lower in the shelled horse chestnut. In addition, as a result of mineral analysis of raw horse chestnut, P, K, Ca, Na, Cl, Si, Al, Ni, Cr, Rb, Zn, Fe, Mg and S contents were; 0.257%, 1.106%, 0.27%, 0.146%, 0.061%, 0.055%, 0.023%, 0.016%, 0.005%, 0.003%, 0.006%, 0.08%, 0.056% and 0.117%, respectively. The technological processes applied were effective in reducing the tannins content, or can be used without shell for the purpose of reducing the tannins content.

Keywords

• Tannin
• Mineral
• Shell Ratio
• Technological Processes

Atkestanesi (Aesculus hippocastanum) Tohumunda Islatma ve Otoklav Etmenin Besin Madde Kompozisyonu Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada atkestanesi (Aesculus indica) tohumunun besin madde kompozisyonunu belirlemek ve yapılan bazı ön işlemlerin besin maddelerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla atkestanesi tohumunun1) ham hali, 2) soğuk suda 24 saat ıslatılması ve 3) 121°C’de 60 dk otoklav edilmesi şeklinde 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Elde edilen gruplar daha sonra kabuklu ve kabuksuz olarak iki grup altında analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler general lineer modelde (GLM) analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak atkestanesi tohumunda uygulanan işlemlerin kuru madde (KM), ham protein (HP), ham yağ (HY), ham kül (HK), selüloz fraksiyonları ve metabolik enerji değerlerine etkisi önemsiz bulunurken tanen oranı otoklav edilen grupta önemli derecede azalmıştır. Kabuklu ve kabuksuz atkestanesinde; KM, HP, HY ve HK oranının etkilenmediği, ancak kabuksuz atkestanesinde nişasta oranı artarken, ADF oranı önemli derecede azalmış, NDF oranı ise değişmemiştir. Tanen oranı ise kabuksuz atkestanesinde önemli derecede daha düşük bulunmuştur. Ayrıca ham atkestanesinin mineral madde içerikleri: P, K, Ca, Na, Cl, Si, Al, Ni,Cr, Rb, Zn, Fe, Mg ve S sırasıyla; %0.257, %1.106, %0.27, %0.146, %0.061, %0.055,%0.023, %0.016, %0.005, %0.003, %0.006, %0.08, %0.056 ve %0.117 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak uygulanan teknolojik işlemlerin anti-nutrisyonel bir faktör olan tanen içeriğinin azaltılmasında etkili olduğu veya tanen içeriğinin azlatılması amacıyla kabuksuz olarak da kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tannin
• Mineral
• Shell Ratio
• Kabuk Oranı
• Teknolojik İşlem

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