Influence of Welding Current Change on Coatings Containing Carbide and Boro-carbide

Abstract

In this study, the effect of welding current change on coatings obtained using submerged arc welding technique was investigated. In this context, welding tests were carried out using 400, 450, 500 and 550 A welding currents. In welding tests, SAE 1020 steel, ceramic-based welding powders containing ferrochromium and ferroboron powders and S1 welding wire (electrode) were used. As a result of welding tests, characterization was made in parameters such as microstructure, chemical composition, hardness and wear. As a result of the characterization processes, it was determined that with the increasing of welding current, the phase density such as carbide and boro-carbide in the coating microstructures increased and the amount of chromium, carbon and boron transition from powders to the coatings increased. At current values other than 500 A, it was determined that the homogeneity of the weld seams decreased. Similarly; it was determined that with the increasing of welding current from 400 A to 500 A, hardness values increased and wear losses decreased. However, at 550 A current value, due to the coarsing of the grains in the coating microstructure, a decrease in hardness and wear resistance of coating was observed. The highest hardness value was obtained by the coating obtained by using welding current at 500 A with 61 HRC, while the lowest hardness value was obtained by the coating obtained by using welding current at 400 A with 44 HRC.

Keywords

• Welding current
• Coating
• Carbide
• Boro-carbide

Kaynak Akımı Değişiminin Karbür ve Boro-karbür içeren Kaplamalara Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, toz altı kaynak tekniği kullanılarak elde edilen sert dolgu kaplamalara, kaynak akımının etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, 400, 450, 500 ve 550 A kaynak akımları kullanılarak kaynak testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kaynak testlerinde, SAE 1020 çeliği, ferrokrom ve ferrobor tozlarını içeren seramik esaslı kaynak tozları ve S1 kaynak telinden (elektrot) yararlanılmıştır. Kaynak testleri neticesinde mikroyapı, kimyasal kompozisyon, sertlik ve aşınma gibi parametrelerde karakterizasyon işlemleri yapılmıştır. Karakterizasyon işlemleri neticesinde, genel olarak kaynak akımının artmasıyla kaplama mikroyapılarında yer alan karbür ve boro-karbür gibi faz yoğunluğunun arttığı ve kaplamalara gecen krom, karbon ve bor miktarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. 500 A dışındaki akım değerlerinde, elde edilen kaynak dikişinin homojenliğinin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde; 400 A’den 500 A’e kaynak akımının artması ile sertlik değerlerinin arttığı ve aşınma kayıplarının azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak; 550 A akım değerlerinde, kaplama mikroyapısında yer alan tanelerin kabalaşması nedeniyle kısmi olarak sertlik ve aşınma direncinde düşüş tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek sertlik değeri 61 HRC ile 500 A’de gerçekleştirilen kaynak akımı ile elde edilen kaplamada elde edilirken, en düşük sertlik değeri ise, 44 HRC ile 400 A’de gerçekleştirilen kaynak akımı ile elde edilen kaplamada elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kaynak akımı
• kaplama
• karbür
• boro-karbür

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