Çalışanın Zihinsel ve Fiziksel Yorgunluğunun Algı Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Kaza Riski

Öz

İş kazalarında kaza kök analizinde oluşum kaynağının tehlikeli davranışlar ve tehlikeli durumlar olduğu bilinmektedir. Geçen yıllar boyunca yapılan araştırma, çalışma, iyileştirme ve düzenlemelere rağmen bu oranlarda iyileşmeler yeterince olmamış ve neredeyse aynı şekilde günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Kaza kök neden çalışmalarında en büyük etki olarak insan faktörüne ulaşılmaktadır. Ancak insan faktörünü işaret ederek kök nedenin burada bitmesi doğru değildir. Ramak kala veya kaza oluşumunda çalışanın fiziksel ve zihinsel yorgunluğu ve psikolojik durumu genellikle incelenme dışı bırakılmaktadır. Oysa ki yorgunluk, uykusuzluk sonucu oluşan algı sapması; olayın gerçekleşmesinde önemli bir rol oynamakta, ancak dönemsel meydana gelen bu değişiklik, çoğu zaman hem çalışan hem de iş veren tarafından göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu durumun düzenli takip edilerek, bileşenlerin, çalışanların iş yerinde çevre, ortam, ekipman ve birey/takım kapsamında proaktif ve önleyici olarak korunmalarını hedeflenmelidir. Bu makalede çalışanın algısında oluşan sapmaların karar verme, risk alma ve reaksiyon süresindeki değişimlerin sonucunda oluşacak ramak kala veya kaza riskinin önlenmesine yönelik geliştirilmiş olan bir yol haritası ve İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği (İSG) süreçleri ile eşleşme matrisi sunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kaza kök nedeni
• zihinsel yorgunluk
• yorgunluk
• algı
• uykusuzluk

The Impacts of Mental and Physical Fatigue of Employees on the Perception Level and the Risk of Accident

Abstract

The sources of work accidents identified in the root cause analysis are dangerous behaviors and dangerous occurrences. Despite the studies, improvements, and arrangements made on this subject in recent years, the status of the matter has not been improved until today, and the rates of occurrences have almost remained the same. In the accident root cause studies conducted, the findings suggest that the human factor is the leading cause of accidents in the workplace. However, pointing out that the human factor alone is not enough to correctly examine the causes of these accidents. In the assessments performed, the physical and mental fatigue and psychological conditions of the workers are generally excluded from the studies. Despite this, the perceptual deficit that arises from fatigue and insomnia plays a significant role in the occurrence of accidents or near-miss incidents. These fluctuating changes in the mental and physical well-being of the worker overtime often go unnoticed by both the employee and the employer. By regularly monitoring the components of this state of well-being, within the scope of occupational health and safety, it must be aimed at proactive and preventive protection of the health and safety of employees in the workplace concerning the environment, equipment, and individual/team. In this study, a roadmap developed for the prevention of near-miss incidents or accidents that may occur due to changes in decision-making skills, risk-taking behaviors, and reaction time of employees due to deterioration in the perception levels of them, and a matching matrix regarding the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) processes are presented.

Keywords

• the root cause of the accident
• mental fatigue
• fatigue
• insomnia
• perception

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