İnsani Yardım Depolarının Değerlendirilmesi için Bulanık Mantığın Entegre Edildiği Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yaklaşımı: Suriye’de Bir Uygulama Çalışması

Öz

2019 yılının sonunda, Koronavirüs Hastalığı (COVID-19) olarak adlandırılan yeni bir afet insanlığa karşı ortaya çıkmış ve tüm dünyaya yayılmıştır. En gelişmiş ülkeler, bu pandemiden daha fazla etkilenmiştir. Fakat, Suriye’de olduğu gibi bir çatışmanın yaşandığı/yaşanmakta olduğu ülkeler için durum daha karmaşıktır. Suriye’de, çatışma 9 yıldan fazla bir süredir devam etmektedir ve ülke dâhilinde 6 milyondan fazla ülke içinde yerlerinden edilmiş insan vardır. Bu durum, milyonlarca insanın zor koşullarda yaşadığını ve sağlık hizmeti, barınma, yiyecek, güvenlik ve ilgili diğer yaşamsal ihtiyaçların arayışında olduklarını göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda, bir pandemi boyunca malzemelerin ve yardım setlerinin korunmak ve daha sonra pandemiden en çok etkilenmiş insanlara etkili bir şekilde dağıtımını yapmak için bir insani yardım deposunda saklanmaları gerektiğinden ötürü, bu çalışmada, yardım depolarının yerleşiminin araştırmasına odaklanılmıştır. En uygun yeri belirlemek için yardım depolarının lokasyonları bilimsel insani yardıma dayalı hibrid bir metodoloji ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bu yeni metodoloji Suriye/Halep’in kuzeyinde gerçek bir vaka çalışmasına uygulanmıştır. Bu amaçla, öncelikle, veri, doğrudan hedef bölgeden toplanmıştır; akabinde çalışmaya dahil edilecek insani ve ekonomik kriterler üç uzman tarafından seçilmiştir. Kriter ağırlıkları Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (B-AHP) ile hesaplanmıştır. Son olarak, aday depoları değerlendirmek ve sıralamak için bir Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemi olan MULTIMOORA yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Önerilen metodoloji yardım depolarını değerlendirmede etkinliğini ve etkililiğini göstermiştir ve karar verme sürecini hızlandırmak için kullanılabilir. Bunun neticesinde afetten etkilenen insanların acıları azaltılabilir ve hedef bölgedeki bağışların yüksek etkinliği başarılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• Pandemic
• Warehouse Location
• Multi Crtieria Decision Making (MCDM)
• Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP)
• MULTIMOORA

Multi Criteria Decision Making Approach to the Evaluation of Humanitarian Relief Warehouses Integrating Fuzzy Logic: A Case Study in Syria

Abstract

A new disaster to humanity, called Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), arose in and spread to worldwide at late December 2019. The most developed countries are affected from this pandemic more. However, the situation is more complex in some countries that are witnessed/witnessing a conflict, as in Syria. In Syria, the conflict continues more than 9 years and within the country there are more than 6 million internally displaced people (IDPs). This situation signifies millions of people living in hard conditions and seeking healthcare service, sheltering, food, safety and other related vital needs. In this context, since during a pandemic supplies and aid kits need to be stockpiled in a humanitarian relief warehouse to be protected and then distributed effectively to the most pandemic-affected people, we focused on the location research of relief warehouses in this study. We evaluated the locations of the relief warehouses to determine the most appropriate location based on a scientific humanitarian aid-based hybrid methodology. This novel methodology is implemented to a real case study in north of Aleppo/Syria. For this aim, firstly, data is collected directly from the target area; then humanitarian and economic criteria are selected by three experts to be included in the study. Criteria weights are computed by the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP). Finally, MULTIMOORA technique as a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method is applied to assess the candidate warehouses and rank them. The proposed methodology showed its efficiency and effectiveness in evaluating relief warehouses and it can be utilized to facilitate the decision-making process. As a result, the suffering of the disaster-affected people can be reduced and high efficiency from donations in the target area can be achieved.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• Pandemic
• Warehouse Location
• Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
• Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP)
• MULTIMOORA

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