Tatlı Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor (L)) Biyokütlesinin Yaşam Döngüsü Değerlendirmesi ile Çevresel Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Enerji bitkileri, fosil yakıt tüketimini ve sera gazı emisyonlarını azaltma da ümit vadeden biyoyakıtların hammaddelerindendir. Kuraklığa dayanıklı olan ve marjinal alanlarda kısa bir sürede yetiştirilebilen tatlı sorgum bu enerji bitkilerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada, tatlı sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor (L)) biyokütlesi üretimindeki çevresel etkiler belirlenmiştir. Tatlı sorgum üretiminin çevresel etkileri yaşam döngüsü değerlendirmesiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Çevresel etki kategorileri, CML 2001 metodolojisine göre on kategoriye ayrılmıştır. Sonuçta, tatlı sorgum üretiminde ortalama kuru biyokütle verimi 9135 kg ha-1 olarak saptanmıştır. Biyokütle üretimi amacıyla tatlı sorgum yetiştirilmesinin yaşam döngüsü etki değerlendirmesine göre, en fazla çevresel etkinin % 50.39 oranıyla, deniz canlılarının ekotoksisitesine sebep olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaşam döngüsü yorumlanmasına göre de, % 80.02 oranıyla yerel etkiye sebep olduğuda saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, küresel ısınma değeride, 0.114 kg CO2-eş kgbiyokütle-1 (1043.51 kg CO2-eş ha-1) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yetiştiricilikteki gübre uygulamalarının çevresel etkileri oldukça olumsuz etkilediği de tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda belirlenen bu bulgulara bağlı olarak, mevcut üretimin iyileştirilmesine yönelik çözüm önerileri de verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• biyokütle
• enerji bitkileri
• tatlı sorgum
• tarımsal yaşam döngüsü değerlendirmesi

Determination of Environmental Impacts with Life Cycle Assessment of Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L)) Biomass

Abstract

Energy crops are among the raw materials of biofuels that are promising to reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Sweet sorghum, which is drought resistant and can be grown in marginal areas in a short time, is one of these energy crops. In this study, environmental effects on sweet sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L)) biomass production were determined. Environmental effects of sweet sorghum production were evaluated by life cycle assessment. Environmental impact categories are diveded into ten categories according to the CML 2001 methodology. As a result, the average dry biomass yield in sweet sorghum production was determined as 9135 kg ha-1. According to the life cycle impact assessment of sweet sorghum cultivation for biomass production, it was determined that the highest environmental impact was 50.39%, causing the marine aquatic ecotoxicity. According to the life cycle interpretation, it has been determined that it causes local effect with a rate of 80.02%. Also, the value of global warming was calculated as 0.114 kg CO2-eş kgbiomass-1 (1043.51 kg CO-eq ha-1). It has also been determined that fertilizer applications in breeding have an extremely negative impact on environmental effects. Based on these findings determined because of the study, solution suggestions for improving the current production are also given.

Keywords

• Biomass
• energy crops
• sweet sorghum

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