Kalıcı Mıknatıslı Senkron Generatörlü Rüzgâr Enerjisi Dönüşüm Sistemlerinde Maksimum Güç Kontrolünün Akıllı Yapı Tabanlı Modellemesi

Öz

Rüzgâr enerjisi, elektrik üretiminde kullanımı giderek artan yenilenebilir bir enerji kaynağıdır. Rüzgârdan elektrik enerjisinin üretiminde kullanılan sistemin verimliliği, uygun elemanların ve kontrol tekniğinin seçimine bağlıdır. Bu tür dönüşüm sistemlerinde, değişken hızlı rüzgâr türbinleriyle doğrudan bağlantılı olarak kullanılabilen kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron generatörler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu generatörler, elektriksel kayıpları ve mekanik bileşenlere bağımlılığı azaltarak genel sistem performansını yükseltme özelliğine sahiptir. Dönüşüm sistemlerinde sistemin anlık çalışma hızı ayarlanarak yapılan kontrol maksimum güç noktası izleme kontrolü olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu kontrol, anlık rüzgâra göre sistemin üretim verimliliği en üst düzeyde tutarak daha uzun ömürlü ve daha az maliyetli enerji üretimi sağlayabilir. Bu çalışmada, rüzgâr enerjisi dönüşüm sistemi ve maksimum güç noktası izleme kontrolünün temel prensibi açıklanmış. Akıllı kontrol yapısı olarak tanımlanan bulanık mantık kontrolü Matlab/Simulink ortamında modellenerek çeşitli sistem büyüklükleri üzerinden kontrol yapısının analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kontrol yapısı, değişken rüzgâr profiline göre dönüşüm sisteminin daha kararlı ve daha verimli çalışmasını sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• rüzgar enerjisi
• Kalıcı Mıknatıslı Senkron Generatör
• modelleme
• maksimum güç noktası izleme
• bulanık mantık kontrol

Intelligent Structure Based Modelling of Maximum Power Control in Wind Energy Conversion Systems with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator

Abstract

Wind energy is a renewable energy source increasingly used in electricity generation. System efficiency in electrical energy production from wind depends on the selection of suitable components and control technique. In this type of conversion systems, Permanent magnet synchronous generators, which can be used directly connected to variable speed wind turbines, come to the fore. These generators have the ability to increase overall system performance by reducing electrical losses and dependency on mechanical components. The control performed in conversion systems by adjusting the instant operating speed of the system is defined as the maximum power point tracking control. This control can provide more durable and less costly energy production by keeping the production efficiency of the system at the highest level according to the instant wind. In this study; wind energy conversion system and basic principle of maximum power point tracking control were explained. Fuzzy logic control, defined as an intelligent control structure, was analyzed based on various system parameters through modelling in Matlab/Simulink environment. This control structure enabled the conversion system to operate more stable and more efficiently according to the variable wind speed profile. 

Keywords

• Wind Energy
• Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator
• Modelling
• Maximum Power Point Tracking Control
• Fuzzy Logic Control

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