A New Model Proposal for Open Government Data Practices

Year 2019, Issue: 17, 833 - 843, 31.12.2019

Ahmet Ercan Topcu , Abdullah Işık

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.614933

Abstract

Government institutions hold vast amounts of data, mostly produced through public services, and that has grown. Although these data sets have no sensitive content, usually they are not accessible and can not be benefitted. Even though data sets exist in different types and formats, developments at information technologies make it easy linking and sharing these data sets with other data. The data-driven economy is the new global approach and many countries gave start to some new open data policy approaches aim to make government data and information machine-readable. It became a new default to gain the maximum benefit from the data they have. Opening government data will also help to increase accountability, public service quality to decrease operational cost and to encourage open innovation at public and private organizations. This article aims to assert an illustration for open government data which has different definitions at many sources, to examine open government data within the scope of structure, value, potential risks, economic field, standards, open license, measurement, tools and to offer a model for the open government ecosystem.

Keywords

Open Government Data, Open Government, Data-Driven Economy, Participation, Transparency, Accountability

Açık Devlet Verisi Süreçlerine Dair Bir Model Önerisi

Abstract

Kamu kurumları sundukları hizmetler sonucunda oldukça büyük miktarda veri barındırmaktadır ve barındırmayı da sürdürecektir. Birçok veri seti hassas içerik barındırmamasına rağmen genellikle erişime açık olmamakta ve bu veri setlerinden fayda sağlanamamaktadır. Her ne kadar farklı formatta ve başlıkta veri setleri söz konusu olsa da, bilgi teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler bu veri setlerinin diğer verilerle bağlanmasını ve paylaşımını oldukça kolay bir hale getirmektedir. Dünyada ekonominin veri odaklı olmasının da etkisiyle son yıllarda birçok ülke ellerindeki veriden en üst seviyede yararlanabilmek için veri ve bilgileri bilgisayarca okunabilir formatta belirli bir kullanım koşuluyla paylaşarak açık devlet verisi süreçlerini uygulamaya sokmuştur. Kamu verisinin açılması aynı zamanda hesap verilebilirliği artıracak, daha kaliteli ve yeni hizmetlere olanak sağlayacak, operasyon maliyetini düşürecek, kamu ve özel sektörde açık inovasyonu teşvik edecektir. Bu çalışmada amaç; birçok kaynakta farklı tanımlarla ifade edilen açık devlet verisine yönelik kapsayıcı bir tanım ortaya koymak, açık devlet verisini yapısal özellik, gelişim ve ihtiyaç sebebi, riskler ve potansiyel engeller, ekonomik boyut, standartlar, açık lisans, ölçümleme, araçlar başlıklarını içeren bir çerçeve üzerinde ele almak ve kamu verisini açmaya yönelik bir model ortaya koymaktır.

Keywords

Açık Devlet Verisi, Açık Devlet, Bilgi Ekonomisi, Katılımcılık, Şeffaflık, Hesap Verebilirlik

References

• Parycek P, Höchtl J, Ginner M. “Open Government Data Implementation Evaluation”. Journal Of Theoretical And Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 9(2), 80-99, 2014.
• Jetzek, Avital, Andersen. “Generating Value from Open Government Data”. 34th International Conference on Information Systems, Milan, 9(2), 1-20, 2013.
• Ubaldi B. “Open Government Data: Towards Empirical Analysis of Open Government Data Initiatives”. OECD, 2013.
• Deloitte. “Open Data Driving Growth, Ingenuity And Innovation”. Deloitte, 2012.
• OECD, “Open Government: The Global Context And The Way Forward 2016”. OECD, 2016.
• Public.Resource.Org. “8 Principles”. https://Public.Resource.Org/8_Principles.Html (01.08.2018)
• Sunlight Foundation. “Ten Open Data Principles”, https://sunlightfoundation.com/policy/documents/ten-open-data-principles (01.08.2018)
• Tauberer J. Open Government Data 2nd ed. USA, 2012.
• ACM. “Association Of Computing Machinery Recommendation On Open Government”. ACM, 2009.
• Yu H, Robinson D. G. “The New Ambiguity Of “Open Government”. 59 UCLA L. Rev. Disc. 178, 2012.
• Vanroekel S., Park T. “Continued Progress And Plans For Open Government Data”, https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/05/09/continued-progress-and-plans-open-government-data (01.08.2018).
• Gurin J. “Open Governments, Open Data: A New Lever For Transparency, Citizen Engagement And Economic Growth”. SAIS Review Of International Affairs, 34(1), 71-82, 2014.
• Safarov I., Meijer A., Grimmelikhuijsen S. “Utilization Of Open Government Data: Asystematic Literature Review Of Types,Conditions, Effects And Users”. Information Polity 22, 1-24, 2017.
• Cowan D., Alencar P.,Mcgarry F. “Perspectives On Open Data: Issues And Opportunties”. IEEE Technical Report CS-2014-01, 2014.
• Martin S., Foulonneau M., Turki S., Ihadjadene M. “Risk Analysis To Overcome Barriers To Open Data” . Université Paris, Vincennes-Saint-Denis, 11(2), 324-388, 2013.
• Kucera J., Chlapek D. “Benefits And Risks Of Open Government Data”. JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS 34 INTEGRATION 2014/1, 30-41, 2014.
• Zeleti T., Ojo A. “Capability Matrix for Open Data”. Working Conference on Virtual Enterprises (PROVE), Amsterdam, Netherlands, Oct 2014.
• Mckinsey. “Open Data: Unlocking Innovation And Performance With Liquid İnformation”. Mckinsey Global Institute, 2013.
• Deloitte. “Market Assessment Of Public Sector İnformation, UK Department For Business Innovation And Skills”. Deloitte, 2013.
• Scottish Government. “Open Data Resource Pack, Scottish Government”. Scottish Government, 2016.
• Martin S., Foulonneau M., Turki S., Ihadjadene M. “Risk Analysis To Overcome Barriers To Open Data”. Electronic Journal of e-Government,11(1), 348-359, 2013.
• opendatahandbook.org. “Open Data Handbook”. http://opendatahandbook.org/guide/en (01.01.2018)
• EU. “European Data Portal”, https://www.europeandataportal.eu/elearning/en/module9/#/id/co-01 (01.01.2018)
• Khayyata M., Bannisterb F. “Open Data Licensing: More Than Meets The Eye”. Information Polity 20, 231-252, 2015.
• Zuiderwijk A., Susha I., Charalabidis Y., Parycek P., Janssen M. “Open Data Disclosure and Use: Critical Factors From a Case Study”. CeDEM15 Conference for E-Democracy and Open Government, Krems, 2015
• Bertot J., Jaeger P., Grimes J. M. “Using Icts To Create A Culture Of Transparency: E-Government And Social Media As Openness And Anti-Corruption Tools For Societies”. Government Information Quarterly, 27(3), 264-271, 2010.
• Korn N., Oppenheim C. “Licensing Open Data: A Practical Guide (Version 2.0)”, Hefce: JISC, Junio, 2011.
• National Archives of UK. “UK Government Licensing Framework”, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/information-management/uk-government-licensing-framework.pdf (01.01.2018)
• “Government Reform Unit Department Of Public Expenditure And Reform, 2015.
• National Archives of UK. “Open Government Licence”, http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/ (01.01.2018)
• Government of Canada, “Open Canada”. http://open.canada.ca/en/opengovernment-licence-canada (01.01.2018)
• EPSI. “The Five Stars Of Open Data”, The EPSI Platform, Brussel, 2010.
• Berners-Lee T. 5 Star Deployment Scheme For Open Data”, https://www.w3.org/designıssues/linkeddata.html (01.01.2018)
• Korn N, Oppenheim C. “Licensing Open Data: A Practical Guide”. Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), 2011.
• Open Data Handbook. “What Is Open Data?”. http://opendatahandbook.org/en/what-is-open-data/ (01.01.2018)
• Maurino A., Spahiu B., Batini C., Viscusi G. “Compliance with Open Government Data Policies: an empirical evaluation of Italian local public administrations”. Information Polity, 19(3), 263-275, 2014.
• Canova L., Torchiano M., Minotas C. O., Iemma R., Morando F. “Open data quality measurement framework: Definition and application to Open Government Data”. Government Information Quarterly, 33 (2), 325-337, 2016.
• UN. “Guidelines On Open Government Data For Citizen Engagement, Department Of Economic And Social Affairs”. UN, 2013.
• Bello O., Akinwande V., Jolayemi O., Ibrahim A. “Open Data Portals in Africa: An Analysis Of Open Government Data Initiatives”. Afr. J. Lib. Arch. & Inf. Sc., 26(2), 2016.
• 2016-2019 Ulusal e-Devlet Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı, http://www.edevlet.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/2016-2019-Ulusal-e-Devlet-Stratejisi-ve-Eylem-Plani.pdf, 2016