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A Research on Weight Reduction Application with Topology Optimization in the Automotive Industry

Year 2020, Issue: 20, 623 - 631, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.789424

Abstract

Recently, the companies in the automotive sector have tended towards the new studies decreasing fuel consumption and increasing energy efficiency in vehicles. One of the most effective solutions for reducing fuel consumption of vehicles in parallel with emission rates is to reduce vehicle weight. Optimization methods are used to ensure the best material distribution in the designed vehicle parts. It is aimed to optimize in size, shape and topology of vehicle parts designed with structural optimization. Structural optimization goals; can be listed as reducing weight, increasing stiffness, reducing stress, ensuring manufacturability, and reducing production costs. Topology optimization is a structural optimization method developed in applied mathematics. Topology optimization finds application in many disciplines such as manufacturing, automotive, construction and aerospace. This article provides an overview of topology optimization and weight reduction efforts in the automotive industry. As an alternative to standard optimization approaches, the topology optimization method is an approach that aims to reduce vehicle weight and find the optimal material distribution in terms of given performance targets. Consequently, the most economic and optimum products can be developed and designed by determining boundary conditions due to the stresses and forces in real time working conditions with using computer software and analysis.

References

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  • Cavazzuti, M., Baldini, A., Bertocchi, E., Costi, D., Torricelli, E. ve Moruzzi, P. (2011). High performance automotive chassis design: a topology optimization based approach. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 44(1), 45-56.
  • Chaudhari, P. ve Khairnar, R. (2020). Weight optimization of hub and knuckle using topology optimization. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 7(6), 20–23. doi:10.14445/23488360/ijme-v7i6p103
  • Cuillière, J., Francois V., ve Drouet, J., (2014). Towards the Integration of Topology Optimization into the CAD Process, Computer-Aided Design and Applications, 11:2, 120-140, DOI:10.1080/16864360.2014.846067
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  • Deshmukh, P., (2018). Topology Optimization of wheel rim of Heavy Vehicle, International Journal of Current Advanced Research, 07(6), pp. 13289-13291. DOI:http://dx.doi.org /10.24327/ijcar.2018.13291.2362
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  • Höke, Ö. ve Bozca, M. (2019). Topology Optimisation of Engine Cross Members for Lightweight Structure in Light Commercial Vehicles. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 21(3), 465–482. doi:10.1007/s12541-019-00228-4
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  • Koçar, O., Şen, Ş., Yaşar, M. (2018). Dorse tasarımında stres dağılım analizi ve topoloji optimizasyonu. Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal, 8(1), 309-316.
  • Kong, Y. S., Abdullah, S., Omar, M. Z. ve Haris, S. M. (2016). Topological and topographical optimization of automotive spring lower seat. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures, 13(7), 1388–1405. doi:10.1590/1679-78252082
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  • Mantovani, S., Presti, I. L., Cavazzoni, L. ve Baldini, A. (2017). Influence of manufacturing constraints on the topology optimization of an automotive dashboard. Procedia Manufacturing, 11, 1700-1708.
  • Mattheck, C. (1998). Design in der Natur und nach der Natur. Kreativität Als Chance Für Den Standort Deutschland, 63–70. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60292-4_9
  • Meyer-Pruessner, R. (2007). Significant weight reduction by using topology optimization in volkswagen design development with emphasis on engine design [PDF Belgesi] 21.07.2020 tarihinde https://www.altairhyperworks.co.uk/ html/en-GB/session1/Meyer-Pr%FCessner_Volkswagen.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
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  • Osher, S., ve Sethian, J. A. (1988). Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed: Algorithms based on Hamilton-Jacobi formulations. Journal of Computational Physics, 79(1), 12–49. doi:10.1016/0021-9991(88)90002-2
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  • Sudin, M. N., Tahir, M. M., Ramli, F. R. ve Shamsuddin, S. A. (2014). Topology optimization in automotive brake pedal redesign. International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET), 6(1), 398-402.
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Otomotiv Endüstrisinde Topoloji Optimizasyonu ile Ağırlık Azaltma Uygulaması Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2020, Issue: 20, 623 - 631, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.789424

Abstract

Son yıllarda; otomotiv sektöründeki firmalar, taşıtlarda yakıt tüketimini azaltacak ve enerji verimliliğini arttıracak yeni çalışmalara yönelmişlerdir. Araçların yakıt tüketimini ve buna bağlı olarakta emisyon oranlarını azaltmada en etkili çözümlerden biri taşıt ağırlığında azaltılma yapılmasıdır. Tasarımı yapılan taşıt parçalarında malzeme dağılımının en iyi şekilde sağlanması için optimizasyon yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır. Yapısal optimizasyon ile tasarlanan taşıt parçalarının; boyut, şekil ve topoloji olarak en iyi hale getirilmesi amaçlanır. Yapısal optimizasyonun hedefleri; ağırlığı azaltmak, rijitliği arttırmak, stresi azaltmak, üretilebilirliği sağlamak, üretim maliyetlerini düşürmek olarak sıralanabilir. Topoloji optimizasyonu, uygulamalı matematik alanında geliştirilen bir yapısal optimizasyon yöntemidir. Topoloji optimizasyonu; makine, imalat, otomotiv, inşaat ve havacılık gibi birçok disiplinde uygulama alanı bulmaktadır. Bu makale, otomotiv endüstrisinde topoloji optimizasyonu ile ağırlık azaltma çalışmalarına genel bir bakış sunmaktadır. Standart optimizasyon yaklaşımlarına alternatif olarak topoloji optimizasyon yöntemi, verilen performans hedefleri açısından araç ağırlığını azaltmayı ve en uygun malzeme dağılımını bulmayı amaçlayan bir yaklaşımdır. Sonuç olarak, topoloji optimizasyon yöntemi kullanılarak parça tasarımında gerçek çalışma şartlarında karşılaşılan yükler ve zorlanmalar karşısında sınır şartları belirlenerek en ekonomik ve optimum ürünler geliştirilebilmektedir.

References

  • Albak, İ. (2019). Optimum design of brake pedal using topology optimization method ıntended for weight reduction on the formula SAE car. Uluslararası Mühendislik Araştırma Ve Gelistirme Dergisi, 328–334. doi:10.29137/umagd.467057
  • Baumgartner, A., Harzheim, L., & Mattheck, C. (1992). SKO (soft kill option): the biological way to find an optimum structure topology. International Journal of Fatigue, 14(6), 387–393. doi:10.1016/0142-1123(92)90226-3
  • Beker, S., (2020). Topoloji Optimizasyonu Yaklaşımıyla Ürün Geliştirme, 01.11.2020 tarihinde https://www.poligonmu hendislik. com/ blog/urun-gelistirme/topoloji-optimizasyonu -yaklasimi-ile-urun-gelistirme adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Bendsøe, M. P. (1989). Optimal shape design as a material distribution problem. Structural Optimization, 1(4), 193–202. doi:10.1007/bf01650949
  • Bendsøe, M. P., ve Kikuchi, N. (1988). Generating optimal topologies in structural design using a homogenization method. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 71(2), 197–224. doi:10.1016/0045-7825(88) 90086-2
  • Bendsoe, M. P., & Sigmund, O. (2003). Topology optimization: theory, methods, and applications. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Cavazzuti, M., Baldini, A., Bertocchi, E., Costi, D., Torricelli, E. ve Moruzzi, P. (2011). High performance automotive chassis design: a topology optimization based approach. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 44(1), 45-56.
  • Chaudhari, P. ve Khairnar, R. (2020). Weight optimization of hub and knuckle using topology optimization. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 7(6), 20–23. doi:10.14445/23488360/ijme-v7i6p103
  • Cuillière, J., Francois V., ve Drouet, J., (2014). Towards the Integration of Topology Optimization into the CAD Process, Computer-Aided Design and Applications, 11:2, 120-140, DOI:10.1080/16864360.2014.846067
  • Çelik, Y. Yıldız, İ. Karadeniz, A.T. (2019). A Brief Review of Metaheuristic Algorithms Improved in the Last Three Years. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (Özel Sayı), 463-477.
  • Deshmukh, P., (2018). Topology Optimization of wheel rim of Heavy Vehicle, International Journal of Current Advanced Research, 07(6), pp. 13289-13291. DOI:http://dx.doi.org /10.24327/ijcar.2018.13291.2362
  • Detwiler, D., Nutwell, E., Lokesha, D., (2015). Multistage optimization of automotive control arm through topology and shape optimization. 6th BETA CAE International Conference, 10-12 June 2015, Greece.
  • Dhore, R., Thorat, M.L, (2019). Experımental analysıs and topology optımızatıon of lower suspensıon arm of car. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 06(03), 7605-7609.
  • FEDesign, (2020). Design Process with ANSYS Workbench and TOSCA Structure https://support.ansys.com/staticassets/ ANSYS/ staticassets/ partner/ FEDesign/ fedesign- tosca-brochure.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Güleryüz, İ. ve Yılmaz, B. (2019). Ağır hizmet araçlarında kullanılan Z-kam kampanalı fren tork plakası ağırlık optimizasyonu. Academic Perspective Procedia, 2(3), 466-475.
  • Höke, Ö. ve Bozca, M. (2019). Topology Optimisation of Engine Cross Members for Lightweight Structure in Light Commercial Vehicles. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 21(3), 465–482. doi:10.1007/s12541-019-00228-4
  • Huang, X., ve Xie, Y. M. (2007). Convergent and mesh-independent solutions for the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization method. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 43(14), 1039–1049. doi:10.1016/j.finel.2007 .06.006
  • Ingale, P.M. (2019). Topology Optimization of an All-Terrain Vehicle Brake Pedal. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 8(6), 763-767.
  • Jagtap, M. ve Dhoke, A. (2017). Topology optimization of exhaust mounting bracket. In Tech Mahindra, Altair Technology Conference.
  • Jia, H., Beom, H. G., Wang, Y., Lin, S., ve Liu, B. (2011). Evolutionary level set method for structural topology optimization. Computers & Structures, 89(5-6), 445–454. doi:10.1016/j.compstruc.2010.11.003
  • Karaoğlan, M. U., Turnalı, Ö. Y. ve Kuralay, S. N. (2016). Hafif hizmet aracı şasi analizi ve optimizasyonu. Deu Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik, 18(54), 502–502. doi:10.21205/deufmd.2016185417
  • Kaya, N., Karen, İ. ve Öztürk, F. (2010). Re-design of a failed clutch fork using topology and shape optimisation by the response surface method. Materials and Design, 31(6), 3008–3014. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2010.01.002
  • Koçar, O., Şen, Ş., Yaşar, M. (2018). Dorse tasarımında stres dağılım analizi ve topoloji optimizasyonu. Karaelmas Science and Engineering Journal, 8(1), 309-316.
  • Kong, Y. S., Abdullah, S., Omar, M. Z. ve Haris, S. M. (2016). Topological and topographical optimization of automotive spring lower seat. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures, 13(7), 1388–1405. doi:10.1590/1679-78252082
  • Köse, E., ve Mühürcü, A. (2018). Çeşitli kriterlere göre elektrikli otomobillerin karşılaştırılması. Presented at the 3rd International Mediterranean Science and Engineering Congress (IMSEC 2018), ADANA
  • Langnau, L., (2019). What is topology optimization? 1.11.2020 tarihinde https://www.makepartsfast.com/what-is-topology-optimization adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Mantovani, S., Presti, I. L., Cavazzoni, L. ve Baldini, A. (2017). Influence of manufacturing constraints on the topology optimization of an automotive dashboard. Procedia Manufacturing, 11, 1700-1708.
  • Mattheck, C. (1998). Design in der Natur und nach der Natur. Kreativität Als Chance Für Den Standort Deutschland, 63–70. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60292-4_9
  • Meyer-Pruessner, R. (2007). Significant weight reduction by using topology optimization in volkswagen design development with emphasis on engine design [PDF Belgesi] 21.07.2020 tarihinde https://www.altairhyperworks.co.uk/ html/en-GB/session1/Meyer-Pr%FCessner_Volkswagen.pdf adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Okudan, A. (2018, 6 Eylül). Topoloji optimizasyonu-101. 09.08.2020 tarihinde https://tr.linkedin.com/pulse/topoloji-optimizasyonu-101-ahmet-okudan adresinden edinilmiştir.
  • Osher, S., ve Sethian, J. A. (1988). Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed: Algorithms based on Hamilton-Jacobi formulations. Journal of Computational Physics, 79(1), 12–49. doi:10.1016/0021-9991(88)90002-2
  • Öztürk, U. E. (2016). Döküm braketlerin bilgisayar destekli tasarım eniyilemesi için yeni bir yaklaşım. Deu Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik, 18(54), 521–521. doi:10.21205/deufmd.2016185419
  • Querin, O. M., Steven, G. P. ve Xie, Y. M. (2000). Evolutionary structural optimisation using an additive algorithm. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 34(3-4), 291–308. doi:10.1016/s0168-874x(99)00044-x
  • Querin, O. M., Steven, G. P., ve Xie, Y. M. (1998). Evolutionary structural optimisation (ESO) using a bidirectional algorithm. Engineering Computations, 15(8), 1031–1048. doi:10.1108/ 02644409810244129
  • Querin, O. M., Young, V., Steven, G. P. ve Xie, Y. M. (2000). Computational efficiency and validation of bi-directional evolutionary structural optimisation. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 189(2), 559–573. doi:10.1016/s0045-7825(99)00309-6
  • Reddy K, S. N., Ferguson, I., Frecker, M., Simpson, T. W., ve Dickman, C. J. (2016, August). Topology optimization software for additive manufacturing: A review of current capabilities and a real-world example. In International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (Vol. 50107, p. V02AT03A029). American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
  • Rozvany, G. I. N. (2001). Aims, scope, methods, history and unified terminology of computer-aided topology optimization in structural mechanics. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 21(2), 90–108. doi:10.1007/ s001580050174
  • Rozvany, G. I. N. (2008). A critical review of established methods of structural topology optimization. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 37(3), 217–237. doi:10.1007/s00158-007-0217-0
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There are 60 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Funda Kahraman 0000-0002-1661-3376

Mehmet Küçük 0000-0001-9196-0784

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 20

Cite

APA Kahraman, F., & Küçük, M. (2020). Otomotiv Endüstrisinde Topoloji Optimizasyonu ile Ağırlık Azaltma Uygulaması Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(20), 623-631. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.789424