Smartphone-based Multi-parametric Glucose Prediction using Recurrent Neural Networks

Year 2021, Issue: 32, 1168 - 1174, 31.12.2021

Zeki Palaz , Vakkas Doğan , Volkan Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1041547

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus causes many deadly diseases, including pancreatic cancer as irregularity of glucose level triggers dysfunctions like unchecked cell growth. The critical stages in glucose irregularity are categorized as hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) and hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) which needs to be detected in advance for the quality of human life. In that sense, many tools have been developed based on artificial intelligence (AI) systems which mostly consider the glucose measurement as a prediction parameter. However, in this study, we propose to employ multi-parameter in glucose prediction based on a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), a subset of AI, to enhance predictability. The proposed system utilizes a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) based RNN to handle complex memory operations caused by multi-parametric prediction. Training and validation scores on the OhioT1DM dataset show the advantage of our proposed system over the baseline systems for predicting glucose levels with a significantly reduced error. The system is later integrated with our custom-designed Android application, BffDiabetes PRO, capable of reading the glucose levels from the sensors via Bluetooth. The BffDiabetes PRO transfers the current glucose level, acceleration, and baseline skin temperature to the server via a cloud system to predict the next level. It receives the prediction result to evaluate whether the glucose level tends to reach the critical stages. In case of this tendency is detected, the BffDiabetes PRO alerts the user for necessary precautions.

Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Recurrent Neural Networks, LSTM, GRU, Glucose Prediction, Smartphone Application

Supporting Institution

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)

Project Number

1139B412100530

Thanks

This study is supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) under the 2209-B Industry-Oriented Undergraduate Research Projects Support Program with project number 1139B412100530.

Tekrarlayan Sinir Ağlarıyla Akıllı Telefon Tabanlı Çoklu Parametrik Glikoz Tahmini

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus, glikoz seviyelerindeki düzensizliğin kontrolsüz hücre çoğalması gibi işlevsel bozuklukları tetiklediği için pankreas kanseri gibi birçok ölümcül hastalığa neden olmaktadır. Glikozun düzensizliğindeki kritik seviyeler, insan yaşam kalitesi için önceden tespit edilmesi gereken hiperglisemi (yüksek kan şekeri) ve hipoglisemi (düşük kan şekeri) olarak sınıflandırılır. Bu anlamda, genellikle sadece glikoz verisini kullanarak tahmin gerçekleştiren yapay zeka (AI) tabanlı birçok araç geliştirilmiştir. Ancak bu çalışmada, glikoz tahmininde öngörülebilirliği artırmak için yapay zekanın bir alt kümesi olan tekrarlayan sinir ağında (RNN) çoklu parametre kullanılması önerilmiştir. Önerilen sistemde, çoklu parametreli tahminin neden olduğu karmaşık bellek işlemlerini üstesinden gelmek için uzun-kısa süreli bellek (LSTM) tabanlı bir RNN kullanılmıştır. OhioT1DM veri setindeki eğitim ve doğrulama sonuçları, önerilen sistemin çok düşük bir hatayla glikoz seviyesini tahmin ederek temel sistemlere göre avantajını göstermiştir. Sistemimiz daha sonra Bluetooth aracılığıyla sensörlerden gelen glikoz seviyelerini okuyabilen özel tasarladığımız Android uygulamamız BffDiabetes PRO ile entegre edilmiştir. BffDiabetes PRO, bir sonraki glikoz seviyesini tahmin etmek için mevcut glikoz seviyesini, akselerasyon ve temel cilt sıcaklığı gibi parametreleri bulut üzerinden sunucuya aktarır. Uygulama, tahmin edilen değeri, glikozun kritik seviyelere ulaşma eğiliminde olup olmadığını değerlendirir. Bu eğilimin tespit edilmesi durumunda BffDiabetes PRO gerekli önlemler için kullanıcıyı uyarı göndermektedir.

Keywords

Yapay Zeka, Tekrarlayan Sinir Ağları, LSTM, GRU, Glikoz Tahmini, Akıllı Telefon Uygulaması.

Project Number

1139B412100530

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