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Space Explorations and Asteroid Mining

Year 2022, Issue: 33, 331 - 337, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.999536

Abstract

Space mining is the name of complicated studies that involve the search for minerals, elements and water from asteroids and minor planets that are close to our world.
In particular, the policy of commercializing and financing some products used in space technology, which began in the 1980s, led to the start of extensive development projects in America, Japan and Europe. For this reason, space technology has turned into a way in which we work together, directly or indirectly, with its structure that also enters our lives, its financial structure financed by the whole world, and the scientific cycle of technologies obtained from the working area.
Every work done for life in space, settlement, movement, mining, every development will create a serious change in our life on earth.

Supporting Institution

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Project Number

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Thanks

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References

  • Aksoy Y. Bilim-Felsefe-Tıp ve Teknoloji Tarihinden Seçilmiş Konular. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul Türkiye 2013
  • Vergaaij M, Mcinnes CR, Ceriotti M. Economic Assessment of High-Thrust and Solar-Sail Propulsion for Near-Earth Asteroid Mining. Advances in Space Research, S0273-1177(20)30414-2 , 2020
  • U.S. Dept Of Defense. Trump Signs Law Establishing U.S. Space Force. https://www.defense.gov/Explore/News/Article/Article/2046035/trump-signs-law-establishing-us-space-force/ (Erişim Tarihi : 23.01.2021)
  • Asteroid Mining May Be a Reality by 2025. Mike Wall. https://www.space.com/30213-asteroid-mining-planetary-resources-2025.html (Erişim Tarihi :08.03.2021)
  • Colvin TJ., Crane K., Lal B. Assessing the economics of asteroid-derived water for propellant, Acta Astronautica, S0094-5765(20)30312-X. 2020
  • Probst A., Nitzl C., Kraus F., Förstner R. Cost Estimation of an Asteroid Mining Mission using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Journal Pre-proof, AA7623, p.440-454, 2019
  • M. J. Sonter, “The Technical and Economic Feasibility of Mining the Near-Earth Asteroids,” Acta Astronaut., 
vol. 41, pp. 637–647, USA 1997. 

  • Pellandini J. Les Fusees, B00B5A7L6A Presses Universitaires de France, s. 5.,Paris 1958
  • The Time. He launched the space age with a 10-ft. rocket in a New England cabbage field. , https://web.archive.org/web/20090524195212/http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/profile/goddard.html (Erişim Tarihi : 20.03.2021)
  • Uni.of Michigan, The past and Future of Rocket Engine Propulsion, https://web.archive.org/web/20120730011727/http://fathom.com/course/21701743/session1.html (Erişim Tarihi : 08.09.2021)
  • History İnformation. The Initial Interrogations of the Nazi Rocket Team and the First Publication Outside of Nazi Germany of Rocketry Research at Peenemunde East. https://www.historyofinformation.com/detail.php?entryid=3989 (Erişim Tarihi : 12.03.2021)
  • Goinor C. The Rocket Pioneers., University of Nebraska Press, p.11-48., USA 2013
  • NASA. Apollo 11 Mission Overwiev. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo11.html ( Erişim Tarihi : 15.09.2020)
  • NASA. Brief History Of Rocket. https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/TRC/Rockets/history_of_rockets.html (Erişim Tarihi : 29.10.2021)
  • Uni.of Michigan. The Creation of the Modern Rocket. https://web.archive.org/web/20120730011700/http://fathom.com/course/21701743/session2.html (Erişim Tarihi : 23.04.2020)
  • STM.Yeni Uzay Çağı. https://thinktech.stm.com.tr/uploads/raporlar/pdf/31122020103922510_stm_yeni_uzay_cagi_4.pdf (Erişim Tarihi : 20.20.2020)
  • The New York Times. China Brings Moon Rocks to Earth, and a New Era of Competition to Space. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/16/science/china-moon-mission-rocks.html (Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2021)
  • The State Council of China. The State Council Information Office held a press conference on the mission of the lunar exploration project Chang'e 5. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-12/17/content_5570431.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2021)
  • NASA. Sergei P.Korolev. https://history.nasa.gov/sputnik/korolev.html (Erişim Tarihi : 19.06.2021)
  • NASA.Werhern Von Braun. https://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/history/vonbraun/bio.html (Erişim Tarihi : 19.12.2020)
  • NASA.History Series Publication. https://history.nasa.gov/series95.html (Erişim Tarihi : 22.01.2021)
  • Visual Capitalist. Visualizing 50 Years of Global Steel Production. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-50-years-of-global-steel-production/ (Erişim Tarihi : 22.01.2021)
  • World Steel Assoc. Global crude steel output decreases by 0.9% in 2020. https://www.worldsteel.org/media-centre/press-releases/2021/Global-crude-steel-output-decreases-by-0.9--in-2020.html ( Erişim Tarihi : 04.04.2021)
  • UK Parliament. Steel Industry. https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1930/nov/05/steel-industry (Erişim Tarihi : 19.05.2021)
  • Europain Union. The History of the Europain Union. https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/history_en ( Erişim tarihi : 03.04.2021)
  • NASA. Asteroid Watch. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroid-watch (Erişim Tarihi : 08.03.2021)
  • NASA. What is Planetary Defense? https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense/faq ( Erişim Tarihi : 30.08.2021)
  • Clas G. Wihlborg CG., Magnus Wijkman P. Outer Space Resources in Efficient and Equitable Use: New Frontiers for Old Principles. The Journal of Law & Economics, 24(1):23–43, The Uni. Of Chicago Press 1981
  • Calla P., Fries D., Welch C. Asteroid mining with small spacecraft and its economic feasibility. Cornell Uni, 2019
  • NASA. Hayabusa. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/hayabusa (Erişim Tarihi :18.09.2021)
  • NASA. Stardust. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/stardust (Erişim Tarihi 21.12.2020)
  • NASA. Asteroids. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/asteroids.txt (Erişim Tarihi :21.03.2021)
  • NASA. NEO Earth Close Approaches https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/ca/ (Erişim Tarihi :09.09.2021)
  • Metzger PT. Space development and space science together, an historic opportunity. Space Policy, Volume 37, part 2, p.77-91,August 2016,
  • Tao Zhang vd..Review on Space Energy.Applied Energy Volume 29, 15 June 2021, 116896
  • K.D.Burgess & R.M.Stroud. Phase-dependent space weathering effects and spectroscopic identification of retained helium in a lunar soil grain. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,Volume 22, Pages 64-79,March 2018
  • Sanchez J., McInnes C., Asteroid Resource Map for Near-Earth Space. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 48 (1), p.153–165, 2011
  • Alotaibi G., Boileau J., Bradshaw H., Criger B., Chalex R., Chun J., Desjardins D., Dhar J., Artiles A., Ellis K., ASTRA: 
Asteroid mining technologies roadmap and applications, p.1-100, International Space University 2010.
  • J. P. Sanchez, C. R. McInnes, Assessment on the feasibility of future shepherding of asteroid resources, Acta Astronautica 
73, p.49-66, 2012 

  • Interesting Engineering. Mining in Space. https://interestingengineering.com/mining-in-space-what-it-means-for-the-economy ( Erişim Tarihi : 12.03.2021)
  • United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs. Documents and Resolutions Database. https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/documents-and-resolutions/search.jspx?&view=resolutions ( Erişim Tarihi : 10.06.2021)
  • Yevgeniya O., Jus Cogens Norms in International Space Law. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 6 No 6 ISSN 2039-9340, MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy November 2015
  • Europan Parliament. Space Mining. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-8-2016-005146_EN.html ( Erişim Tarihi : 21.03.2021)
  • The European Space Agency. Space Debris By the Numbers. https://www.esa.int/%20Safety_Security/Space_Debris/Space_debris_by_the_numbers c( Erişim Tarihi : 17.05.2021)

Uzay Keşifleri ve Asteroid Madenciliği

Year 2022, Issue: 33, 331 - 337, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.999536

Abstract

Uzay madenciliği, dünyamıza yakın seyreden asteroid ve küçük gezegenlerden maden, element ve su arama faaliyetini içeren komplike çalışmaların adıdır.
Özellikle, 1980’lerde başlayan, uzay teknolojisinde kullanılan bazı ürünlerin ticarileştirilerek finanse edilmesi politikası, Amerika, Japonya ve Avrupa’da geniş kapsamlı geliştirme projelerinin başlamasını sağlamıştır. Bu sebeple uzay teknolojisi yaşamımıza da giren yapısıyla, tüm dünyanın finanse ettiği mali yapısı ve çalışma alanından elde edilen teknolojilerin hayatımıza yer alan bilimsel döngüsüyle direk veya dolaylı olarak hep birlikte çaba sarf ettiğimiz bir yola dönüşmüştür.
Uzayda yaşam, yerleşim, hareket, madencilik için yapılan her çalışma, elde edilen her gelişme dünyadaki yaşamımızda ciddi değişiklik oluşturacaktır.

Project Number

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References

  • Aksoy Y. Bilim-Felsefe-Tıp ve Teknoloji Tarihinden Seçilmiş Konular. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul Türkiye 2013
  • Vergaaij M, Mcinnes CR, Ceriotti M. Economic Assessment of High-Thrust and Solar-Sail Propulsion for Near-Earth Asteroid Mining. Advances in Space Research, S0273-1177(20)30414-2 , 2020
  • U.S. Dept Of Defense. Trump Signs Law Establishing U.S. Space Force. https://www.defense.gov/Explore/News/Article/Article/2046035/trump-signs-law-establishing-us-space-force/ (Erişim Tarihi : 23.01.2021)
  • Asteroid Mining May Be a Reality by 2025. Mike Wall. https://www.space.com/30213-asteroid-mining-planetary-resources-2025.html (Erişim Tarihi :08.03.2021)
  • Colvin TJ., Crane K., Lal B. Assessing the economics of asteroid-derived water for propellant, Acta Astronautica, S0094-5765(20)30312-X. 2020
  • Probst A., Nitzl C., Kraus F., Förstner R. Cost Estimation of an Asteroid Mining Mission using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Journal Pre-proof, AA7623, p.440-454, 2019
  • M. J. Sonter, “The Technical and Economic Feasibility of Mining the Near-Earth Asteroids,” Acta Astronaut., 
vol. 41, pp. 637–647, USA 1997. 

  • Pellandini J. Les Fusees, B00B5A7L6A Presses Universitaires de France, s. 5.,Paris 1958
  • The Time. He launched the space age with a 10-ft. rocket in a New England cabbage field. , https://web.archive.org/web/20090524195212/http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/profile/goddard.html (Erişim Tarihi : 20.03.2021)
  • Uni.of Michigan, The past and Future of Rocket Engine Propulsion, https://web.archive.org/web/20120730011727/http://fathom.com/course/21701743/session1.html (Erişim Tarihi : 08.09.2021)
  • History İnformation. The Initial Interrogations of the Nazi Rocket Team and the First Publication Outside of Nazi Germany of Rocketry Research at Peenemunde East. https://www.historyofinformation.com/detail.php?entryid=3989 (Erişim Tarihi : 12.03.2021)
  • Goinor C. The Rocket Pioneers., University of Nebraska Press, p.11-48., USA 2013
  • NASA. Apollo 11 Mission Overwiev. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo11.html ( Erişim Tarihi : 15.09.2020)
  • NASA. Brief History Of Rocket. https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/TRC/Rockets/history_of_rockets.html (Erişim Tarihi : 29.10.2021)
  • Uni.of Michigan. The Creation of the Modern Rocket. https://web.archive.org/web/20120730011700/http://fathom.com/course/21701743/session2.html (Erişim Tarihi : 23.04.2020)
  • STM.Yeni Uzay Çağı. https://thinktech.stm.com.tr/uploads/raporlar/pdf/31122020103922510_stm_yeni_uzay_cagi_4.pdf (Erişim Tarihi : 20.20.2020)
  • The New York Times. China Brings Moon Rocks to Earth, and a New Era of Competition to Space. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/16/science/china-moon-mission-rocks.html (Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2021)
  • The State Council of China. The State Council Information Office held a press conference on the mission of the lunar exploration project Chang'e 5. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-12/17/content_5570431.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2021)
  • NASA. Sergei P.Korolev. https://history.nasa.gov/sputnik/korolev.html (Erişim Tarihi : 19.06.2021)
  • NASA.Werhern Von Braun. https://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/history/vonbraun/bio.html (Erişim Tarihi : 19.12.2020)
  • NASA.History Series Publication. https://history.nasa.gov/series95.html (Erişim Tarihi : 22.01.2021)
  • Visual Capitalist. Visualizing 50 Years of Global Steel Production. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-50-years-of-global-steel-production/ (Erişim Tarihi : 22.01.2021)
  • World Steel Assoc. Global crude steel output decreases by 0.9% in 2020. https://www.worldsteel.org/media-centre/press-releases/2021/Global-crude-steel-output-decreases-by-0.9--in-2020.html ( Erişim Tarihi : 04.04.2021)
  • UK Parliament. Steel Industry. https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1930/nov/05/steel-industry (Erişim Tarihi : 19.05.2021)
  • Europain Union. The History of the Europain Union. https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/history_en ( Erişim tarihi : 03.04.2021)
  • NASA. Asteroid Watch. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroid-watch (Erişim Tarihi : 08.03.2021)
  • NASA. What is Planetary Defense? https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense/faq ( Erişim Tarihi : 30.08.2021)
  • Clas G. Wihlborg CG., Magnus Wijkman P. Outer Space Resources in Efficient and Equitable Use: New Frontiers for Old Principles. The Journal of Law & Economics, 24(1):23–43, The Uni. Of Chicago Press 1981
  • Calla P., Fries D., Welch C. Asteroid mining with small spacecraft and its economic feasibility. Cornell Uni, 2019
  • NASA. Hayabusa. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/hayabusa (Erişim Tarihi :18.09.2021)
  • NASA. Stardust. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/stardust (Erişim Tarihi 21.12.2020)
  • NASA. Asteroids. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/asteroids.txt (Erişim Tarihi :21.03.2021)
  • NASA. NEO Earth Close Approaches https://cneos.jpl.nasa.gov/ca/ (Erişim Tarihi :09.09.2021)
  • Metzger PT. Space development and space science together, an historic opportunity. Space Policy, Volume 37, part 2, p.77-91,August 2016,
  • Tao Zhang vd..Review on Space Energy.Applied Energy Volume 29, 15 June 2021, 116896
  • K.D.Burgess & R.M.Stroud. Phase-dependent space weathering effects and spectroscopic identification of retained helium in a lunar soil grain. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,Volume 22, Pages 64-79,March 2018
  • Sanchez J., McInnes C., Asteroid Resource Map for Near-Earth Space. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 48 (1), p.153–165, 2011
  • Alotaibi G., Boileau J., Bradshaw H., Criger B., Chalex R., Chun J., Desjardins D., Dhar J., Artiles A., Ellis K., ASTRA: 
Asteroid mining technologies roadmap and applications, p.1-100, International Space University 2010.
  • J. P. Sanchez, C. R. McInnes, Assessment on the feasibility of future shepherding of asteroid resources, Acta Astronautica 
73, p.49-66, 2012 

  • Interesting Engineering. Mining in Space. https://interestingengineering.com/mining-in-space-what-it-means-for-the-economy ( Erişim Tarihi : 12.03.2021)
  • United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs. Documents and Resolutions Database. https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/documents-and-resolutions/search.jspx?&view=resolutions ( Erişim Tarihi : 10.06.2021)
  • Yevgeniya O., Jus Cogens Norms in International Space Law. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 6 No 6 ISSN 2039-9340, MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy November 2015
  • Europan Parliament. Space Mining. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-8-2016-005146_EN.html ( Erişim Tarihi : 21.03.2021)
  • The European Space Agency. Space Debris By the Numbers. https://www.esa.int/%20Safety_Security/Space_Debris/Space_debris_by_the_numbers c( Erişim Tarihi : 17.05.2021)
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Levent Özmen 0000-0001-7180-3861

Project Number -
Early Pub Date January 30, 2022
Publication Date January 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 33

Cite

APA Özmen, L. (2022). Space Explorations and Asteroid Mining. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(33), 331-337. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.999536