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Farklı Tuz Konsantrasyonlarında Semiz Otu (Portulaca oleracea) ve Kamışsı Yumak (Festuca arundinacea) Bitkileri Uygulanarak Tuzlu Toprakların Fitoremediasyon Yöntemiyle İyileştirilmesi

Year 2022, Issue: 34, 70 - 74, 31.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1069094

Abstract

Tuzluluk tarımı olumsuz etkileyen en önemli çevresel faktörlerin başında gelmektedir. Tuzlu toprakların iyileştirilmesi maliyet ve yüksek iş gücü gerektirdiğinden dolayı fitoremediasyon alternatif bir yöntem olarak düşünülmektedir. Toprakta bulunan fazla tuzların bitkiler kullanılarak giderilmesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu amaçla Semizotu (Portulaca oleracea) ve Kamışsı Yumak (Festuca arundinacea) bitkilerinin farklı tuz konsantrasyonlarında fitoremediasyon yöntemi ile değerlendirme potansiyeli araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada Toprak tuzluluğunu sağlamak amacıyla 4 farklı tuz (NaCl) konsantrasyonu (0, 75, 150 ve 200 mM) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada bitki boyu, bitki kuru ağırlığı ve yaş ağırlığı parametreleri ölçülmüştür. Hasad öncesi ve sonrası toprakta elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), değişebilir sodyum yüzdesi (ESP), katyon değişim kapasitesi (KDK) özellikleri incelenmiştir. bitki boyu, yaş ağırlığı ve kuru ağırlık değerlerine bakıldığında kamışsı yumak bitkisinin bitki boyu %6.33 arttığı, bitki kuru ağırlığı % 5.05 ve bitki yaş ağırlığı (% 11.12) azaldığı görülmüştür. Semizotu bitkisinde ise bitki boyu %39.1 azalmış, bitki yaş ve kuru ağırlığı % 45 ve % 42.11 artmıştır. İki farklı bitki grubundan oluşan çalışmada bitkilerin ekiminden önce ve hasatlarından sonra tuzlu toprakta EC, ESP ve KDK okumaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her iki bitkide de düşüş gözlemlenmiştir. Hesaplamalar neticesinde kamışsı yumak bitkisi, semiz otu bitkisine göre EC ve ESP değerlerini daha fazla azalttığı belirlenmiştir. KDK değerlerine bakıldığında bütün uygulamalar için önemli değişimlerin olmadığı hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda her iki bitkininde tuzlu toprakların ıslahında kullanılan diğer yöntemlere ek olarak düşünülen fitoremediasyon yönteminde tercih edilebilecek bitkiler olarak görülebilmektedir.

References

  • Chhabra, R. (2017). Soil salinity and water quality. Routledge.
  • Akhter, J.,Mahmood, K., Malik, K. A., Ahmed, S., & Murray, R, (2003).“Amelioration of a saline sodic soil through cultivation of a salt-tolerantgrass”, Leptochloafusca. Environ. Conserv., 30,.168–174.
  • Akhter, J.,Murray, R., Mahmood, K., Malik, K.A., Ahmed, S, (2004). Improvement of degraded physical properties of a saline-sodic soil by reclamation with kallar grass (Leptochloafusca). Plant and Soil. 258, 207-216.
  • Allison, L.E., Moodie C.D., (1965). Carbonate, In: C.A. Black (Ed.), Methods Of Soil Analysis, Part 2, Agronomyno. 9, 1379-1400. USA.
  • Angın, İ. (2014). Tuzlu-Sodik ve Sodik Toprakların Islahına Farklı Bir Yaklaşım: Yeşil Islah. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(1), 103-116.
  • Canbolat, M. Y., (2011). Toprağa H2o2 Muamelesinin Day ve Bouyoucos Hidrometre Yöntemlerinde Dane Büyüklük Dağılımı Üzerine Etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(1).
  • Er, H., Meral, R., & Kuşlu, Y. (2021). Tuzlu Toprakların Halofit Bitkiler Kullanarak Fitoremediasyon Yöntemiyle İyileştirilmesi Olanaklarının Değerlendirilmesi. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews, 14(2), 101-110.
  • Han, L., Liu, H., Yu, S., Wang, W., & Liu, J. (2013). Potential application of oat for phytoremediation of salt ions in coastal saline-alkali soil. Ecological engineering, 61, 274-281. Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K., Alam, M.M., Bhowmik, P.C., Hossain, M.A., Rahman, M.M., Prasad, M.N.V., Ozturk, M., Fujita, M., (2014). Potential use of halophytes to remediate saline soils. Biomed. Res. Int. 2014, 589341.
  • Karakas S., Çullu MA., & Dikilitaş M, (2017). “Comparison of two halophyt especies (Salsola soda and Portulacaoleracea) for salt removal potential under different soil salinity conditions”, Turk J AgricFor, vol. 41, pp.183-190.
  • Karakas, S., Cullu, M. A., Kaya, C., & Dikilitas, M. (2016). Halophytic companion plants improve growth and physiological parameters of tomato plants grown under salinity. Pak. J. Bot, 48(1), 21-28.
  • Li, X.,Zhang, X., Wang, X., Yang, X., Cui, Z, (2019). Bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation of lead and salinity co-contaminated soil by Suaeda salsa and Trichodermaa sperellum. Chemosphere, 224, 716-725.
  • Machado, R. M. A., & Serralheiro, R. P. (2017). Soil salinity: effect on vegetable crop growth. Management practices to prevent and mitigate soil salinization. Horticulturae, 3(2), 30.
  • Nouri, H., Chavoshi Borujeni, S., Nirola, R., Hassanli, A., Beecham, S., Alaghmand, S., & Mulcahy, D. (2017). Application of green remediation on soil salinity treatment: A review on halophytoremediation. Process Safety and Environment Protection, 107, 94–107.
  • Qadir M, Quillerou E, & Nangia V, (2014), “Economics of salt-induced land degradation and restoration”. Natural Resources Forum, vol. 38, pp.282–295.
  • Qadir, M., Oster, J. D., Schubert, S., Noble, A. D., & Sahrawat, K. L. (2007). Phytoremediation of sodic and saline‐sodic soils. Advances in agronomy, 96, 197-247.
  • Ravindran, K.C.,Venkatesan, K., Balakrishnan, V., Chellappan, K.P., Balasubramanian, T, (2007). Restoration of saline land by halophytes for Indian soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 39, 2661-2664.
  • Shereen, A., Ansari, R., Raza, S., Shirazi, M. U., Khan, M. A., & Mumtaz, S. (2016). Effect of transpiration rate on sodium accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under saline conditions. Pak. J. Bot, 48(1), 47-51.
  • Shmaefsky, B. R. (2020). Principles of Phytoremediation. Phytoremediation: In-situ Applications.
  • Sumner, M.E. Mıller, W.P., (1996). Cation Exchange Capacity and Exchange Coefficients. In. D.L. Sparks et. al., (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3: Chemical Methods. SSSA Book Series No: 5. Am. Soc. of Agronomy and Soil Sci. Soc. Of Am. Inc. Publisher, Madison, Wisconsin USA. pp.1201- 1230.

Improvement of Salty Soils by Phytoremediation Method by Applying (Portulaca oleracea) and (Festuca arundinacea) Plants at Different Salt Concentrations

Year 2022, Issue: 34, 70 - 74, 31.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1069094

Abstract

Salinity is one of the most important environmental factors affecting agriculture negatively. Phytoremediation is considered as an alternative method because of the high cost and labor requirement of remediation of saline soils. It is expressed as the removal of excess salts in the soil by using plants. For this purpose, the evaluation potential of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) and Reed Yumak (Festuca arundinacea) plants at different salt concentrations by phytoremediation method was investigated. In the study, 4 different salt (NaCl) concentrations (0, 75, 150 and 200 mM) were applied to ensure soil salinity. In the study, plant height, plant dry weight and fresh weight parameters were measured. Electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), cation exchange capacity (CDC) properties were investigated in the soil before and after harvest. Considering the plant height, fresh weight and dry weight values, it was observed that the plant height of the cane ball plant increased by 6.33%, the plant dry weight was 5.05% and the plant fresh weight (11.12%) decreased. In the purslane plant, the plant height decreased by 39.1%, the fresh and dry weight of the plant increased by 45% and 42.11%. In the study consisting of two different plant groups, EC, ESP and CDC readings were performed in saline soil before planting and after harvesting. A decrease was observed in both plants. As a result of the calculations, it was determined that the cane ball plant decreased the EC and ESP values more than the purslane plant. Considering the CDC values, it was calculated that there were no significant changes for all applications. As a result of the research, both plants can be seen as plants that can be preferred in the phytoremediation method, which is considered in addition to other methods used in the reclamation of saline soils..

References

  • Chhabra, R. (2017). Soil salinity and water quality. Routledge.
  • Akhter, J.,Mahmood, K., Malik, K. A., Ahmed, S., & Murray, R, (2003).“Amelioration of a saline sodic soil through cultivation of a salt-tolerantgrass”, Leptochloafusca. Environ. Conserv., 30,.168–174.
  • Akhter, J.,Murray, R., Mahmood, K., Malik, K.A., Ahmed, S, (2004). Improvement of degraded physical properties of a saline-sodic soil by reclamation with kallar grass (Leptochloafusca). Plant and Soil. 258, 207-216.
  • Allison, L.E., Moodie C.D., (1965). Carbonate, In: C.A. Black (Ed.), Methods Of Soil Analysis, Part 2, Agronomyno. 9, 1379-1400. USA.
  • Angın, İ. (2014). Tuzlu-Sodik ve Sodik Toprakların Islahına Farklı Bir Yaklaşım: Yeşil Islah. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(1), 103-116.
  • Canbolat, M. Y., (2011). Toprağa H2o2 Muamelesinin Day ve Bouyoucos Hidrometre Yöntemlerinde Dane Büyüklük Dağılımı Üzerine Etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(1).
  • Er, H., Meral, R., & Kuşlu, Y. (2021). Tuzlu Toprakların Halofit Bitkiler Kullanarak Fitoremediasyon Yöntemiyle İyileştirilmesi Olanaklarının Değerlendirilmesi. Turkish Journal of Scientific Reviews, 14(2), 101-110.
  • Han, L., Liu, H., Yu, S., Wang, W., & Liu, J. (2013). Potential application of oat for phytoremediation of salt ions in coastal saline-alkali soil. Ecological engineering, 61, 274-281. Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K., Alam, M.M., Bhowmik, P.C., Hossain, M.A., Rahman, M.M., Prasad, M.N.V., Ozturk, M., Fujita, M., (2014). Potential use of halophytes to remediate saline soils. Biomed. Res. Int. 2014, 589341.
  • Karakas S., Çullu MA., & Dikilitaş M, (2017). “Comparison of two halophyt especies (Salsola soda and Portulacaoleracea) for salt removal potential under different soil salinity conditions”, Turk J AgricFor, vol. 41, pp.183-190.
  • Karakas, S., Cullu, M. A., Kaya, C., & Dikilitas, M. (2016). Halophytic companion plants improve growth and physiological parameters of tomato plants grown under salinity. Pak. J. Bot, 48(1), 21-28.
  • Li, X.,Zhang, X., Wang, X., Yang, X., Cui, Z, (2019). Bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation of lead and salinity co-contaminated soil by Suaeda salsa and Trichodermaa sperellum. Chemosphere, 224, 716-725.
  • Machado, R. M. A., & Serralheiro, R. P. (2017). Soil salinity: effect on vegetable crop growth. Management practices to prevent and mitigate soil salinization. Horticulturae, 3(2), 30.
  • Nouri, H., Chavoshi Borujeni, S., Nirola, R., Hassanli, A., Beecham, S., Alaghmand, S., & Mulcahy, D. (2017). Application of green remediation on soil salinity treatment: A review on halophytoremediation. Process Safety and Environment Protection, 107, 94–107.
  • Qadir M, Quillerou E, & Nangia V, (2014), “Economics of salt-induced land degradation and restoration”. Natural Resources Forum, vol. 38, pp.282–295.
  • Qadir, M., Oster, J. D., Schubert, S., Noble, A. D., & Sahrawat, K. L. (2007). Phytoremediation of sodic and saline‐sodic soils. Advances in agronomy, 96, 197-247.
  • Ravindran, K.C.,Venkatesan, K., Balakrishnan, V., Chellappan, K.P., Balasubramanian, T, (2007). Restoration of saline land by halophytes for Indian soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 39, 2661-2664.
  • Shereen, A., Ansari, R., Raza, S., Shirazi, M. U., Khan, M. A., & Mumtaz, S. (2016). Effect of transpiration rate on sodium accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under saline conditions. Pak. J. Bot, 48(1), 47-51.
  • Shmaefsky, B. R. (2020). Principles of Phytoremediation. Phytoremediation: In-situ Applications.
  • Sumner, M.E. Mıller, W.P., (1996). Cation Exchange Capacity and Exchange Coefficients. In. D.L. Sparks et. al., (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3: Chemical Methods. SSSA Book Series No: 5. Am. Soc. of Agronomy and Soil Sci. Soc. Of Am. Inc. Publisher, Madison, Wisconsin USA. pp.1201- 1230.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hasan Er 0000-0002-7880-8697

Semih Elibol 0000-0001-5385-2571

Early Pub Date January 30, 2022
Publication Date March 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 34

Cite

APA Er, H., & Elibol, S. (2022). Farklı Tuz Konsantrasyonlarında Semiz Otu (Portulaca oleracea) ve Kamışsı Yumak (Festuca arundinacea) Bitkileri Uygulanarak Tuzlu Toprakların Fitoremediasyon Yöntemiyle İyileştirilmesi. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(34), 70-74. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1069094