Polimer Esaslı Ayak Ortezlerinin Mekaniksel Davranışlarının Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi Kullanılarak Tahmini

Year 2022, Issue: 34, 525 - 530, 31.03.2022

Mustafa Güneş Abdulhamit Sevgi Cebrail Ölmez Zehra Sever

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1083267

Abstract

3B baskı alanındaki teknolojik gelişmeler son yıllarda hızlı bir şekilde büyüyerek birçok sektörde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. 3B baskı, tasarım süreçlerini ve tasarımlara ait prototiplerin imalat süreçlerini hızlandırmaktadır. Tasarım optimizasyonu ve karmaşık modellerin imalatında, geleneksel imalat yöntemlerinin aksine daha düşük maliyetlerle günler yerine saatler içinde yapılabilmektedir. Bunun yanısıra 3B baskı, farklı özelliklere sahip malzemelerle kişiye özel, fonksiyonel ve güvenilir biyomekanik modellerin tasarlanarak imalatına olanak tanımakta ve istenen mekanik özelliklerin önceden tahmin edilebilmesi için sonlu elemanlar yöntemiyle birleştirilebilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmada da 3B baskıda kullanılan PLA, ABS ve PETG olmak üzere 3 farklı polimerin, tasarlanan bir ayak ortezine ait mekanik özelliklerin baskı öncesinde tahmin edilebilmesine yönelik simülasyonu bu yöntemle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yetişkin bir birey referans alınarak sınır koşulları ve uygulanması gereken eksenel kuvvetler belirlenerek, 3 farklı polimer için toplam deformasyon, eşdeğer (Von-Mises) gerilimi ve güvenlik faktörü ANSYS programı ile analiz edilerek simüle edilmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçlarına göre, karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenen polimerler arasında eksenel olarak uygulanan kuvvetleri en iyi sönümlemeyi gerçekleştiren polimerin, ABS olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer iki polimer malzeme arasında ise sönümlemeyi en iyi sağlayan polimer sırasıyla PETG, PLA şeklinde olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

3B Baskı, Polimerler, Ortez, Sonlu Elamanlar Yöntemi

Prediction of Mechanical Behavior of Polymer-Based Foot Orthoses Using Finite Element Method

Abstract

Technological developments in the field of 3D printing have grown rapidly in recent years and have been used in many sectors. 3D printing speeds up the design processes and the manufacturing processes of prototypes of designs. In design optimization and manufacturing of complex models, it can be done in hours instead of days, with lower costs, unlike traditional manufacturing methods. In addition, 3D printing allows the design and manufacture of personalized, functional and reliable biomechanical models with materials with different properties, and can be combined with the finite element method to predict the desired mechanical properties. In the study, 3 different polymers, namely PLA, ABS and PETG used in 3D printing, were simulated to predict the mechanical properties of a designed foot orthosis before printing, using this method. By taking an adult individual as a reference, boundary conditions and axial forces to be applied were determined, and total deformation, equivalent (Von-Mises) stress and safety factor for 3 different polymers were analyzed and simulated with the ANSYS program. According to the simulation results, it has been determined that ABS is the polymer that performs the best damping of the axially applied forces among the comparatively examined polymers. Among the other two polymer materials, it was concluded that the polymer that provides the best damping is in the form of PETG and PLA, respectively.

Keywords

3D Printing, Polymers, Orthotics, Finite Element Method

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