Entegre Kentsel Su Yönetimi, Kentsel Su Güvenliği ve Değerlendirme Yöntemi Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Year 2022, Issue: 38, 282 - 295, 31.08.2022

Cengiz Koç

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.1104414

Abstract

Günümüzde birçok kent su kaynağı ve yönetimi açısından önemli güçlükler ile karşı karşıyadır. Entegre Kentsel Su Yönetimi, sürdürülebilir ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel amaçlara ulaşabilmek için kentsel gelişme ile havza yönetimini aynı eksende ele almayı gerektirir. Arazi kullanım planlaması ve ekonomik kalkınma, su temini, sanitasyon, yağmur suyu ve atık su yönetim konularıyla birlikte bir bütün olarak ele alınmalıdır. Entegre Kentsel Su Yönetim yaklaşımı, kamuoyu oluşturma ve siyasi karar alma süreçlerinde bölünme veya tekrardan sakınmak için su sektörünü planlarken arazi, konut, enerji ve ulaşım gibi diğer kentsel sektörleri de bütünleştirmelidir. Birçok ülkede kentsel su güvenliğini sağlamak oldukça zordur. Az sayıdaki çalışma, su güvenliğini bölgesel düzeyde değerlendirirken, birçok çalışma, kentsel düzeyde başarılı olmak amacıyla ölçümlerin uygulanması ve su güvenliğini değerlendirmenin eksikliğini vurgulamıştır. Kentsel su güvenliğini ölçmeye odaklanan çalışmalar bütünsel olmayıp, su güvenliğinin mevcut durumunu ve dinamiklerini ölçmek için bir değerlendirme çerçevesinin nasıl tanımlanacağı ve kullanılacağı konusunda hala fikir birliğine varılamamıştır. Günümüzde, kentsel su güvenliğinin açıkça tanımlanmış ve geniş çapta onaylanmış bir tanımı da yoktur. Bu zorluğun üstesinden gelmeyi amaçlayan bu çalışma, kent yerleşimi ve kentsel alanlarda uygulanabilecek bir değerlendirme çerçevesi ve kentsel su güvenliğini daha iyi anlamak için sistematik bir iş tanımlaması sağlayacaktır. Kentsel su güvenliğinin önerilen iş tanımı Birleşmiş Milletler'in su ve sanitasyonla ilgili sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefine ve insan haklarına dayanmaktadır. Kentsel su güvenliğini sağlamak için kullanılan değerlendirme çerçevesi, içme suyu ve insanlar, ekosistem, iklim değişikliği ve suyla ilgili tehlikeler ve sosyo ekonomik faktörleri temel almaktadır. Bu çerçeveyi uygulamak hükümetlere, politikacılara ve su paydaşlarına kıt kaynakları daha etkili ve sürdürülebilir bir hedefleme konusunda yardımcı olacaktır.

Keywords

entegre kentsel su yönetimi, kentsel su güvenliği, içme suyu, sanitasyon, ekosistem, iklim değişikliği

A Study on Evaluation Method and Urban Water Security, Integrated Urban Water Management

Abstract

Today, many cities are faced with significant difficulties in terms of water supply and management. Integrated Urban Water Management requires addressing together urban development and watershed management in order to achieve sustainable economic, social and environmental objectives. All of the water supply, sanitation, rainwater and wastewater management issues should be considered as a whole with land use planning and economic development. The purpose of an Integrated Urban Water Management approach is to integrate with other urban sectors such as land, housing, energy and transport with planning water sector in order to avoid fragmentation or recurrence in the process of policy making and decision making. In many countries, it is very difficult to ensure urban water security. While few studies have assessed water security at the regional level, many have highlighted the lack of assessment of water security and implementation of measures in order to be successful at the urban level. Studies focused on measuring urban water security are not holistic, and there is still no consensus on how to define and use an assessment framework to measure the current state and dynamics of water security. Currently, there is no clearly defined and widely approved definition of urban water security. this study, aiming to cope with this challenge, will provide an assessment framework applicable to urban settlement and urban areas, and a systematic work description to better understand urban water security. The proposed work description of urban water security is based on the United Nations' sustainable development goal regarding water and sanitation, and human rights. The assessment framework used to ensure urban water security is based on drinking water and people, ecosystem, climate change and water-related hazards and socio-economic factors. Implementing this framework will help governments, politicians and water stakeholders target at scarce resources more effectively and sustainably.

Keywords

ıntegrated urban water management, urban water security, drinking water

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