Abstract
Pasif intermodülasyon (PIM), iki veya daha çok sinyalin birleşerek yeni bir sinyali oluştururken ortaya çıkan girişime denir. GSM baz istasyonları, uydu haberleşme istasyonları gibi çoklu frekans kullanılan iletişim sistemlerinde sinyal kalitesini ve alıcı hassasiyetini etkileyen, bazı durumlarda iletişimi kopma noktasına getiren girişim olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Lineer olmayan malzemeler ve metalik yapılardaki düzgün olmayan temaslar PIM oluşumunda en büyük etkenler arasında yer almaktadır. GSM sektöründe yüksek hızlı haberleşme (4G, 5G ve 6G) ve yüksek sinyal kalitesi isterleri PIM testini zorunlu bir hale getirmektedir. Bu yayında PIM ölçüm teknikleri ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar sunulmuştur.
References
- Ida, N., Payer J. H., and Shan X., Electromagnetic Radiation Effects on Corrosion, Proceedings of the DoD Corrosion Conf., August 2011.
- Ida, N., Menach, Y. L., Shan, X., and Payer, J., A Nonlinear Model for AC Induced Corrosion, Advanced Electromagnetics, vol. 1, pp. 92-96, May 2012.
- Kositsky, J., UXO Detection System by Harmonic Radar, SRI International, May 1999.
- Website: https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/72270, “Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –Part 1”.
- Website:https://www.etsi.org/,“ETSI (EuropeanTelecom. Standards Institute)”.
- Website: https://www.3gpp.org/, “The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)”.
- Golikov, V., Hienonen S., and Vainikainen, P., Passive intermodulation distortion measurements in mobile communication antennas, IEEE 54th Vehicular Technology Conference, Atlantic City, 2001.
- Kim J. T., and et. al., Effects of External PIM Sources on Antenna PIM Measurements, ETRI Journal, Vol. 24, No. 6, pp. 435-442, 2002.
- Website: https://amphenol.com, What causes PIM in connectors and how does Amphenol design low PIM connectors, 2014.
- Website: https//cciproducts.com, PiMpro Tower Series.
Abstract
The Passive Intermodulation (PIM) phenomenon occurs because of non-linarites in antennas or passive components. When data rates are increasing in next generation communication systems like in 4G, 5G and 6G, PIM is getting even crucial and costly problem. Unwanted harmonics and intermodulation products might occur in communication band and this can take down the communication network. This work presents PIM mechanisms, and PIM measurement test setups for any communication standards (4G, 5G and 6G).
Keywords
Passive intermodulation Non-linear behavior PN junctions high speed wireless communication 4G 5G 6G
References
- Ida, N., Payer J. H., and Shan X., Electromagnetic Radiation Effects on Corrosion, Proceedings of the DoD Corrosion Conf., August 2011.
- Ida, N., Menach, Y. L., Shan, X., and Payer, J., A Nonlinear Model for AC Induced Corrosion, Advanced Electromagnetics, vol. 1, pp. 92-96, May 2012.
- Kositsky, J., UXO Detection System by Harmonic Radar, SRI International, May 1999.
- Website: https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/72270, “Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –Part 1”.
- Website:https://www.etsi.org/,“ETSI (EuropeanTelecom. Standards Institute)”.
- Website: https://www.3gpp.org/, “The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)”.
- Golikov, V., Hienonen S., and Vainikainen, P., Passive intermodulation distortion measurements in mobile communication antennas, IEEE 54th Vehicular Technology Conference, Atlantic City, 2001.
- Kim J. T., and et. al., Effects of External PIM Sources on Antenna PIM Measurements, ETRI Journal, Vol. 24, No. 6, pp. 435-442, 2002.
- Website: https://amphenol.com, What causes PIM in connectors and how does Amphenol design low PIM connectors, 2014.
- Website: https//cciproducts.com, PiMpro Tower Series.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | July 26, 2022 |
| Publication Date | July 31, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Issue: 39 |
