Hormonal Interaction and Sexual Behavior in Sports

Abstract

This study aims to review the relationship between sexual activity and hormonal changes that shape behavior and reproductive drive in human biochemistry with sportive activity in the sphere of the current literature data. Testosterone and estrogen are sexual steroids secreted by the testicles and ovaries, respectively. Testosterone is both anabolic (tissue building) and androgenic (supportive of masculine properties) steroid in men. It stimulates protein synthesis and increases muscle mass. When the effects of training on testosterone secretion are examined, it is observed that there is an increase in testosterone levels after acute exercises, while contradictory results appear in research after chronic exercises, and these contradictory results are due to the athlete's fitness level, training volume and intensity and excessive training status. Besides, long-term use of anabolic-androgenic steroids, which are banned from outside use to increase performance, causes many medical problems. Larger patient groups and parameters are needed for gender changes and association of sportive activity. Young sports scientists will contribute to science by carrying out new studies in these areas by considering the traditional judicial values of the society in which they live. It should be noted that the risk coefficient of medium and low intensity sports is low for the health and sports association to be sustainable.

Keywords

• Hormonal changes
• sportive activity
• sexual activity
• trans individuals

Sporda Hormonal Etkileşim ve Cinsel Davranış

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı seksüel aktivitenin ve insan biyokimyasında davranışlara yön veren ve üreme güdüsünü biçimlendiren hormonal değişimlerin sportif aktivite ile olan ilişkilerini güncel literatür verileri içerisinde gözden geçirmektir. Testosteron ve östrojen, sırasıyla testisler ve yumurtalıklar tarafından salgılanan cinsel steroidlerdir. Testosteron, erkeklerde hem anabolik (doku oluşturma) hem de androjenik (eril özelliklerin destekleyicisi) steroiddir. Protein sentezini uyararak kas kütlesi artışını sağlamaktadır. Antrenmanın testosteron sekresyonu üzerindeki etkileri incelendiğinde akut egzersizler sonrasında testosteron seviyelerinde artış görülürken kronik egzersizler sonrasında araştırmalarda çelişkili sonuçların ortaya çıktığı ve bu çelişkili sonuçların sporcunun fitness seviyesi, antrenman hacmi ve yoğunluğu ve aşırı antrenman durumundan kaynaklandığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca performansı arttırmak amacıyla dışarıdan alınan kullanımı yasaklı olan anabolik-androjenik steroidlerin uzun süreli kullanımları birçok tıbbi problem neden olmaktadır. Cinsiyet değişimleri ve sportif aktivite birlikteliği için daha geniş hasta gruplarına ve parametrelerine ihtiyaç olduğu çok açıktır. Genç spor bilimcilerin yaşadıkları toplumun geleneksel yargı değerlerini dikkate alarak bu alanlarda yeni çalışmalar yapması bilime katkı sağlayacaktır. Unutulmaması gereken sağlık ve spor birlikteliğinin sürdürebilir olması için orta ve düşük yoğunluklu sporun risk kat sayısının da düşük olduğudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hormonal değişiklikler
• Sportif aktivite
• Seksüel aktivite
• Trans Bireyler

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