Bir Kriz Yanıtı Olarak REPowerEU: Acil Çeşitlendirme ve Yeşil Geçiş

Year 2024, , 79 - 86, 24.08.2024

Anıl Ömer Taydaş

https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.1502909

Abstract

AB, Rusya'nın Şubat 2022'de Ukrayna'yı işgal etmesi nedeniyle bir enerji kriziyle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. AB, Rusya'nın fosil yakıtlarını ikame etmek için politik yanıtını REPowerEU Planı’nı oluşturarak Avrupa Yeşil Mutabakatı (AYM)) üzerine kurmuştur. Planın üç ana ayağı bulunmaktadır; enerji arzının çeşitlendirilmesi, yeşil enerji yatırımları ve enerji tasarrufunun teşvik edilmesi. Makale, REPowerEU Planı’nın hem dahili hem de harici olarak analiz ederek, planın performansına odaklanmaktadır. Makale, bu iki strateji arasındaki bağlantıları inceleyerek REPowerEU Planı’nın AYM üzerine nasıl inşa edildiğine dair bir arka plan sunmaktadır. Daha sonra makale planın üç ana sütuna odaklanmaktadır. İlk olarak, LNG ve boru hattı anlaşmalarına ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yönelik kritik hammadde anlaşmalarına atıfta bulunarak çeşitlendirme politikasına dair bir perspektif sağlanmaktadır. İkinci olarak makale, REPowerEU Planı'nın başlatılmasından bu yana AB'nin yeşil enerji yatırımlarına genel bir bakış sunmaktadır. Son olarak, enerji tasarrufu AB'nin iç pratikleri üzerinden analiz edilmektedir. Makale, Planı’nın enerji krizine müdahalede kısa vadeli ve uzun vadeli önlemlerin bir kombinasyonunu içerdiğini vurgulamaktadır. Plan, AYM’nin kapsayıcı hedeflerine daha geniş bir bağlamda katkıda bulunsa da öncelikli odak noktasının AB'nin enerji talebini güvence altına almak olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Bu anlamda makale, yeşil geçiş ile acil ihtiyaçlar arasında bir dengesizlik bulunduğu sonucuna varmaktadır.

Keywords

REPowerEU, European Green Deal, Energy Geopolitics, The EU Climate Policy

REPowerEU as a Crisis Response: Immediate Diversification and Green Transition

Abstract

The EU has been facing an energy crisis on behalf of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. To substitute Russian fossil fuels, the EU has built its response on the European Green Deal (EGD), the REPowerEU plan. The plan has three main pillars: diversification of energy supplies, green energy investments, and promoting energy saving. The article focuses on the performance of the REPowerEU Plan by analyzing it both internally and externally. The article provides a background for how the REPowerEU Plan is built upon the EGD by examining the links between these two strategies. Then, the article focuses on these three pillars. First, the article provides an insight into the diversification policy by referencing LNG and pipeline agreements and critical raw material agreements for renewables. Second, the article provides an overview of the EU’s green energy investments since the initiation of the REPowerEU Plan. Third, energy saving is analyzed through the internal practices of the EU. The article emphasizes that the REPowerEU plan entails a combination of short-term and long-term measures in the energy crisis response. Though the plan has contributed to the EGD’s overarching goals in a broader context, its primary focus seems to secure the EU’s energy demand. In this sense, the article draws a conclusion that underlines the imbalance between the green transition and the immediate needs.

Keywords

REPowerEU, European Green Deal, Energy Geopolitics, The EU Climate Policy.

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