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Türkiye, Avrupa Birliği için tekstil endüstrisinde kapalı döngü sistemleri için bir merkez olabilir mi?

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: Özel Sayı 1, 132 - 141, 24.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.1504273

Abstract

Küresel tekstil endüstrisi, 414 milyon dolarlık değeriyle, atık, kirlilik ve sera gazlarına katkıda bulunan önemli çevresel zorluklarla karşı karşıyadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin tekstil sektöründe sürdürülebilirliği sağlama potansiyelini inceleyerek, atıkları en aza indiren ve çevre dostu uygulamaları teşvik eden döngüsel sistemleri analiz etmektedir. Makale yedi bölümden oluşmaktadır. Girişten sonra, ikinci bölümde tekstil endüstrisinde sürdürülebilirlik ve döngüselliğin önemi açıklanmaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde, Türkiye'nin önde gelen bir tekstil oyuncusu olarak yeri ve tekstil geri dönüşüm endüstrisinin zorlukları ele alınmaktadır. Yetersiz geri dönüşüm altyapısı gibi büyük engeller, sektör girişimleri, hükümet düzenlemeleri ve teknolojik yenilikler gerektirmektedir. Sonraki bölümler, AB'deki tekstil geri dönüşümünün temel sınırlamalarını açıklamakta ve Türkiye'nin üretim kapasitesi ve geri dönüşüm uzmanlığıyla AB için mevcut tekstil geri dönüşüm zorluklarının aşma yolunda kilit bir müttefik olup olamayacağını sorgulamaktadır. Öneri ve Sonuç bölümleri, Türkiye'nin tekstil geri dönüşüm yeteneklerini artırması için bir yol haritası sunmakta ve sürdürülebilir bir tekstil endüstrisine doğru dönüştürücü bir değişimi örneklemektedir.

References

  • Altun, Ş. (2023). Tekstil üretim ve kullanım atıklarının, geri kazanımı, çevresel ve ekonomik etkileri. Uşak Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası Raporu, 21.
  • Duran, A., & Temiz Dinç, D. (2016). The state of the Turkish textile and ready-wear industries. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5(3), 505-519.
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2017). A new textiles economy: Redesigning fashion's future. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://archive.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/assets/downloads/A-New-Textiles-Economy.pdf
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2019). Circular economy system diagram. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy-diagram
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2021). Circular business models: Rethinking business models for a thriving fashion industry. Retrieved October 8, 2023, from https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/fashion-business-models/overview
  • European Parliament. (2014). The impact of textile production and waste on the environment (infographics). Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20201208STO93327/the-impact-of-textile-production-and-waste-on-the-environment-infographics
  • European Parliament. (2024). EU strategy for sustainable and circular textiles. In A European Green Deal. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/legislative-train/carriage/eu-textiles-strategy/report?sid=8201
  • Euratex. (2020). Rehubs. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://www.rehubs.eu/copy-of-about-test/
  • Fashion for Good & Circle Economy. (2022). Sorting for circularity Europe: An evaluation and commercial assessment of textile waste across Europe. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://reports.fashionforgood.com/report/sorting-for-circularity-europe/
  • Fernandez-Stark, P., Bamber, P., & Couto, V. (2022). Analysis of the textile and clothing industry global value chains: Summary. Inter-American Development Bank. https://doi.org/10.18235/0004457
  • Gözet, B., Wilts, H., Manshoven, S., & Bakas, I. (2021). Progress towards preventing waste in Europe — The case of textile waste prevention. European Environment Agency Report, 15/2021. Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/accelerating-the-circular-economy
  • Halife, H. (2020). Analysis of competitiveness of Turkish textile sector based on the Porter’s diamond model. Stratejik Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 27-49.
  • ILO. (2021). The post-COVID-19 garment industry in Asia. Retrieved August 14, 2024, from https://www.ilo.org/asia/publications/issue-briefs/WCMS_814510/lang--en/index.htm
  • Janmark, J., Magnus, K., Strand, M., Langguth, N., & Hedrich, S. (2022). Scaling textile recycling in Europe—Turning waste into value. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/scaling-textile-recycling-in-europe-turning-waste-into-value
  • Kant, R. (2012). Textile dyeing industry: An environmental hazard. Natural Science, 4(1), 22-26. https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2012.41004
  • Köhler, A., Watson, D., Trzepacz, S., Löw, C., Liu, R., Danneck, J., Konstantas, A., Donatello, S., & Faraca, G. (2021). Circular economy perspectives in the EU textile sector. JRC Publications Repository. Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC125110
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2021). Defining circularity of textile industry in Türkiye. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://www.rvo.nl/sites/default/files/2021/04/Circulair%20Textiles%20Türkiye%202021.pdf
  • Mondal, P., Baksi, S., & Bose, D. (2017). Study of environmental issues in textile industries and recent wastewater treatment technology. World Scientific News, 61(2), 98-109.
  • Niinimamp, K., Niinimamp, G., Peters, H., Dahlbo, P., Perry, T., & Rissanen, A. (2020). The environmental price of fast fashion. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-020-0039-9
  • Öner, E. (2023). Tüketici sonrası tekstil atıklarının geri dönüşümüne yönelik tüketici tutumlarının incelenmesi. OKU Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(3), 2010.
  • T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı. (2021). Tekstil, hazırgiyim ve deri ürünleri sektörleri raporu. Sektör Bazlı Raporlar ve Analizler Serisi. Retrieved August 14, 2024, from https://sanayi.gov.tr/plan-program-raporlar-ve-yayinlar/sektor-raporlari/mu2812011411
  • TİM. (2024). İhracat raporu 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://tim.org.tr/files/downloads/Strateji_Raporlari/ihracat_2024_raporu-2.pdf
  • UNDP. (2020). Sectoral roadmaps: Textile sector in Türkiye. Retrieved August 14, 2024, from https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/migration/tr/Sectoral_Roadmaps_Textile_Sector_in_Türkiye-re2.pdf
  • UNEP. (2023). Sustainability and circularity in the textile value chain: A global roadmap. Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://www.unep.org/resources/publication/sustainability-and-circularity-textile-value-chain-global-roadmap
  • Watson, D., Kiørboe, N., Palm, D., Tekie, H., Harris, S., Ekvall, T., Lindhqvist, T., & Lyng, K. (2014). EPR systems and new business models: Reuse and recycling of textiles in the Nordic region. Nordic Council of Ministers. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://www.norden.org/en/publication/epr-systems-and-new-business-models-0
  • Wojciechowska, P. (2021). Fibres and textiles in the circular economy. In Fundamentals of natural fibres and textiles (pp. 691-717). The Textile Institute Book Series.
  • Yorulmaz, H. (2023). Tekstil KOBİ’leri bağlamında yeşil işletme stratejisi motivasyonlarının AHP yöntemiyle önceliklendirilmesi. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review, 4(4), 477-502. https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.1370063
  • Zafer Kalkınma Ajansı. (2019). Uşak ili tekstil geri dönüşüm sektör raporu. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr/assets/upload/dosyalar/usak-tekstil-geri-donusum-raporu-tgdr.PDF (Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2024).

Can Turkey Be A Hub For Closed-Loop Systems In the Textile Industry for the EU?

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: Özel Sayı 1, 132 - 141, 24.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.1504273

Abstract

The global textile industry, valued at $414 million, confronts substantial environmental challenges, contributing to waste, pollution, and greenhouse gases. This paper examines Türkiye's potential to drive sustainability in textiles, exploring circular systems that minimize waste and promote eco-friendly practices. The paper consists of seven parts. After introduction, in the second part the importance of sustainability and circularity in textile industry is explained. Third part examines the Türkiye as a major textile player, and the challenges of textile recycling industry. Overwhelming obstacles like insufficient recycling infrastructure require industry initiatives, government regulations, and technological innovations. Following parts explains the main limitations of the textile recycling in EU and questions if Türkiye, with its production capabilities and recycling expertise, could be a key ally for EU to solve the obstacles of current textile recycling challenges. Recommendation and Conclusion parts offer a road map for Türkiye to enhance its capabilities to become a key ally for EU, exemplifying a transformative shift towards a sustainable textile industry.

Thanks

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Professor Rana Atabay Kuşçu (Medipol University) for her invaluable guidance and support throughout the development of this article.

References

  • Altun, Ş. (2023). Tekstil üretim ve kullanım atıklarının, geri kazanımı, çevresel ve ekonomik etkileri. Uşak Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası Raporu, 21.
  • Duran, A., & Temiz Dinç, D. (2016). The state of the Turkish textile and ready-wear industries. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5(3), 505-519.
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2017). A new textiles economy: Redesigning fashion's future. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://archive.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/assets/downloads/A-New-Textiles-Economy.pdf
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2019). Circular economy system diagram. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy-diagram
  • Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2021). Circular business models: Rethinking business models for a thriving fashion industry. Retrieved October 8, 2023, from https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/fashion-business-models/overview
  • European Parliament. (2014). The impact of textile production and waste on the environment (infographics). Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20201208STO93327/the-impact-of-textile-production-and-waste-on-the-environment-infographics
  • European Parliament. (2024). EU strategy for sustainable and circular textiles. In A European Green Deal. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/legislative-train/carriage/eu-textiles-strategy/report?sid=8201
  • Euratex. (2020). Rehubs. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://www.rehubs.eu/copy-of-about-test/
  • Fashion for Good & Circle Economy. (2022). Sorting for circularity Europe: An evaluation and commercial assessment of textile waste across Europe. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://reports.fashionforgood.com/report/sorting-for-circularity-europe/
  • Fernandez-Stark, P., Bamber, P., & Couto, V. (2022). Analysis of the textile and clothing industry global value chains: Summary. Inter-American Development Bank. https://doi.org/10.18235/0004457
  • Gözet, B., Wilts, H., Manshoven, S., & Bakas, I. (2021). Progress towards preventing waste in Europe — The case of textile waste prevention. European Environment Agency Report, 15/2021. Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/accelerating-the-circular-economy
  • Halife, H. (2020). Analysis of competitiveness of Turkish textile sector based on the Porter’s diamond model. Stratejik Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 27-49.
  • ILO. (2021). The post-COVID-19 garment industry in Asia. Retrieved August 14, 2024, from https://www.ilo.org/asia/publications/issue-briefs/WCMS_814510/lang--en/index.htm
  • Janmark, J., Magnus, K., Strand, M., Langguth, N., & Hedrich, S. (2022). Scaling textile recycling in Europe—Turning waste into value. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/scaling-textile-recycling-in-europe-turning-waste-into-value
  • Kant, R. (2012). Textile dyeing industry: An environmental hazard. Natural Science, 4(1), 22-26. https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2012.41004
  • Köhler, A., Watson, D., Trzepacz, S., Löw, C., Liu, R., Danneck, J., Konstantas, A., Donatello, S., & Faraca, G. (2021). Circular economy perspectives in the EU textile sector. JRC Publications Repository. Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC125110
  • Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2021). Defining circularity of textile industry in Türkiye. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://www.rvo.nl/sites/default/files/2021/04/Circulair%20Textiles%20Türkiye%202021.pdf
  • Mondal, P., Baksi, S., & Bose, D. (2017). Study of environmental issues in textile industries and recent wastewater treatment technology. World Scientific News, 61(2), 98-109.
  • Niinimamp, K., Niinimamp, G., Peters, H., Dahlbo, P., Perry, T., & Rissanen, A. (2020). The environmental price of fast fashion. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-020-0039-9
  • Öner, E. (2023). Tüketici sonrası tekstil atıklarının geri dönüşümüne yönelik tüketici tutumlarının incelenmesi. OKU Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(3), 2010.
  • T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı. (2021). Tekstil, hazırgiyim ve deri ürünleri sektörleri raporu. Sektör Bazlı Raporlar ve Analizler Serisi. Retrieved August 14, 2024, from https://sanayi.gov.tr/plan-program-raporlar-ve-yayinlar/sektor-raporlari/mu2812011411
  • TİM. (2024). İhracat raporu 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://tim.org.tr/files/downloads/Strateji_Raporlari/ihracat_2024_raporu-2.pdf
  • UNDP. (2020). Sectoral roadmaps: Textile sector in Türkiye. Retrieved August 14, 2024, from https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/migration/tr/Sectoral_Roadmaps_Textile_Sector_in_Türkiye-re2.pdf
  • UNEP. (2023). Sustainability and circularity in the textile value chain: A global roadmap. Retrieved November 5, 2023, from https://www.unep.org/resources/publication/sustainability-and-circularity-textile-value-chain-global-roadmap
  • Watson, D., Kiørboe, N., Palm, D., Tekie, H., Harris, S., Ekvall, T., Lindhqvist, T., & Lyng, K. (2014). EPR systems and new business models: Reuse and recycling of textiles in the Nordic region. Nordic Council of Ministers. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://www.norden.org/en/publication/epr-systems-and-new-business-models-0
  • Wojciechowska, P. (2021). Fibres and textiles in the circular economy. In Fundamentals of natural fibres and textiles (pp. 691-717). The Textile Institute Book Series.
  • Yorulmaz, H. (2023). Tekstil KOBİ’leri bağlamında yeşil işletme stratejisi motivasyonlarının AHP yöntemiyle önceliklendirilmesi. Sosyal Mucit Academic Review, 4(4), 477-502. https://doi.org/10.54733/smar.1370063
  • Zafer Kalkınma Ajansı. (2019). Uşak ili tekstil geri dönüşüm sektör raporu. Retrieved August 13, 2024, from https://www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr/assets/upload/dosyalar/usak-tekstil-geri-donusum-raporu-tgdr.PDF (Erişim tarihi: 12 Temmuz 2024).
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sustainable Development, Textile Economy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nilgün Aytekin 0009-0007-3110-8355

Publication Date August 24, 2024
Submission Date June 24, 2024
Acceptance Date August 19, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: Özel Sayı 1

Cite

APA Aytekin, N. (2024). Can Turkey Be A Hub For Closed-Loop Systems In the Textile Industry for the EU?. Ekonomi İşletme Ve Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(Özel Sayı 1), 132-141. https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.1504273