Determination of Yield and Some Quality Characteristics of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Different Environmental Conditions

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 86 - 98, 31.07.2025

Yavuz Balmuk , Cemal Şermet Hasan Orhan Bayramoğlu Mehmet Şahin

Abstract

This study was conducted in 2 regions (Samsun-Bafra and Tokat) in the Central Black Sea Region, depending on rainfall,
during the 2021-2022 production period. The trial consists of 21 lines and 4 standard varieties in the regional yield
stage within the scope of the bread wheat breeding program conducted by the Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute.
The aim of the study is to determine the lines superior to the varieties in terms of grain yield and quality. The trial was
conducted in randomized block design in 6 m2 (5 m x 1.2 m) plots with 4 replications. In the study, yield and some
quality traits (thousand grain weight, hectoliter weight, protein ratio, zeleny sedimentation, alveograph energy value,
grain hardness and water absorption (Farinograph) value) were examined. According to the obtained results, grain yield
was 476.6 - 1125.8 kg/da, thousand grain weight was 31.9 - 54.1 g, hectoliter weight was 68.0 - 80.8 kg/hl, protein content
was 10.8 - 15.3%, zeleny sedimentation was 32 - 75 ml, alveograph energy value (W) was 105 -385 Joule, grain hardness
(PSI) was 34.4 - 88.6 and water absorption (Farinograph) value was 56.9 - 67.5%. Significant (p<0.01) differences were
found among the genotypes in terms of grain yield, thousand grain weight and hectoliter weight. The highest grain yield
with 1125.8 kg/da was obtained from line 1 in Bafra location, hectoliter weight value with 80.8 kg/hl was obtained from
line 12 in Bafra location, thousand grain weight value with 54.1 g was obtained from line 18 in Bafra location and protein
value with 15.3% was obtained from line 18 in Bafra location, grain hardness (PSI) value with 88.6 was obtained from
line 4 in Tokat location, zeleny sedimentation value with 75 ml was obtained from Altındane standard variety in Bafra
location, alveograph energy value with 385 Joule was obtained from line 22 in Tokat location and water absorption
(Farinograph) with 67.5% was obtained from line 9 in Bafra location. According to the results obtained from the trial, it
was concluded that lines 1, 4, 9, 12, 18 and 22 could be evaluated as variety candidates in the future and therefore should
be included in the next breeding program.

Keywords

Bread wheat , line , breeding , quality , region yield

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