Research Article
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Views of Secondary School Students on February 6 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes

Year 2025, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 155 - 173, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.17244/eku.1666870

Abstract

psychological conditions of individuals. The devastating effects of the earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, centered around Kahramanmaraş, greatly affected Turkey, turning into a major disaster that resulted in loss of lives and property. This research aims to examine the effects of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes on secondary school students’ perspectives. The study group was selected from secondary school students in Hatay, who had experienced the earthquake, using purposive sampling. In this study, which uses a case study design from qualitative research methods, the participants’ views were obtained through a semi-structured interview form. During the interviews with the participants, 8 questions were asked, and the answers were analyzed through content analysis. The findings of the research revealed that the participants’ views and perceptions of the earthquake were negative. Most participants stated that they were negatively affected by the earthquake, and they had difficulty meeting even their basic needs during that time. The findings obtained from this research can contribute to revealing the impact of earthquakes on students and help in determining measures to be taken in light of potential consequences. Furthermore, it is recommended that psychosocial support be provided to students who have felt the effects of the earthquake in every stage of their lives and have been deeply affected by it, particularly those who have lost a family member.

References

  • Altun Efe, E., Altun Akkuş, P., & Yıldız, K. (2023). Primary school students' metaphorical perceptions of the concept of earthquake. Philosophy and Social Sciences Dialogues, 159-174.
  • Aydın, F. (2010). Perceptions of "earthquake" among eighth-grade primary school students. Journal of Turkish Studies, 5(3).
  • Aykırı, K. (2018). They are exhausted: Social studies pre-service teachers' community service experiences on consumer rights. Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Research (ASEAD), 5(12), 829-838.
  • Batır, İ., & İnce, C. (2023). The perceptions of religious officials on earthquakes as a form of disaster. Bitlis Islamiyat Journal, 5(2), 98-119.
  • Batır, İ., & İnce, C. (2023). The perceptions of religious officials on earthquakes as a form of disaster. Bitlis Islamiyat Journal, 5(2), 98–119.
  • Bedirli, B. (2014). Chronic psychological effects of earthquake trauma: Prevalence of post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms 14 years after the Düzce earthquake and associated risk factors [Master’s thesis, Haliç University].
  • Çoban, M., Sözbı̇lir, M., & Göktaş, Y. (2017). Identifying the perceptions of earthquake preparedness among individuals who have experienced an earthquake: A case study. Eastern Geography Journal, 22(37), 113-113.
  • CRED. (2023). EM-DAT: The International Disaster Database – 2023 Türkiye Earthquake. Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. https://www.emdat.be
  • Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Demı̇r Yıldız, C., & Demir Öztürk, E. (2023). University students' metaphorical perceptions of earthquakes. University Research Journal, 6(3), 308-316.
  • Demirbaş Kurtoğlu, A. (2023). 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremini yaşayanlarda depremden etkilenme düzeyleri: Hatay örneği [Master’s thesis, Namık Kemal University].
  • Demirkaya, H. (2007). Perceptions of primary school students about the concept of earthquake and their views on earthquakes. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education Faculty Journal, 8(14), 68-76.
  • Demirkaya, H. (2007). Perceptions of primary school students about the concept of earthquake and their views on earthquakes. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education Faculty Journal, 8(14), 68–76.
  • Doğan, M., Nacaroğlu, O., & Ablak, S. (2021). Examining the metaphorical perceptions of middle school students who have experienced the Sivrice earthquake: The case of Malatya province. Dokuz Eylül University Buca Education Faculty Journal, 51, 384-402.
  • EMDAT. (2024). Natural disaster statistics: Earthquakes in Türkiye. Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. https://www.emdat.be
  • Eton, D. T., Ramalho de Oliveira, D., Egginton, J. S., Ridgeway, J. L., Odell, L., May, C. R., & Montori, V. M. (2012). Qualitative research and content validity: developing best practices based on science and experience. Patient Related Outcome Measures, 3, 39–55. https://doi.org/10.2147/PROM.S34681
  • FAD. (2023, February 28). Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremler – Bilgilendirme raporu [Informative report on the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes]. Disaster and Emergency Management Authority. https://www.afad.gov.tr
  • Fırat, M. (2022). Earthquake and its societal impacts. Tezkire Journal, 4(80), 47-72.
  • García-Vera, M. P., Sanz, J., & Gutiérrez, S. (2016). A meta-analytic review of the long-term effectiveness of psychological treatments for PTSD after natural disasters. Psychological Medicine, 46(3), 537–553. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715002009
  • Geçer, G. O. (2023). The reflections of the 1939 great Erzincan earthquake on modern Turkish poetry. Public Administration Institute Social Sciences Journal, 3(4).
  • Günerı̇Gök, T. (2023). Religious coping after the earthquake (The case of Adana province, 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake) [Master’s thesis, Necmettin Erbakan University].
  • Kallio, H., Pietilä, A.-M., Johnson, M., & Kangasniemi, M. (2016). Systematic methodological review: developing a framework for a qualitative semi‐structured interview guide. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 2954–2965. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13031
  • Karakaya, I., Topal, Z., & Tüzün, M. (2024). Depremzede çocuklarda görülen psikiyatrik belirtiler: Erciyes Üniversitesi örneği. Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatri Dergisi, 11(1), 23–34.
  • Karakuş, U. (2013). Perceptions of students who have and have not experienced earthquakes: A metaphor analysis. Eastern Geography Journal, 18(29), 97-97.
  • Karakuş, U. (2019). Pre-service social studies teachers' perceptions of natural disaster concepts through a word association test. Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 8(3).
  • Kaya, H. (2010). Metaphors developed by secondary school students towards the concept of "earthquake." Educational Research and Reviews, 5(11), 712.
  • Kılıçoğlu, G., & Akkaya Yılmaz, M. (2024). Investigating middle school students’ cognitive structures related to natural disasters. Amasya University Faculty of Education Journal, 13(1), 72-89.
  • Kurtyılmaz, Y., Başak, B. E., Güler, D., & Tümlü, G. Ü. (2019). Being a psychological counseling candidate: The experiences of clients in the psychological counseling process. Turkish Journal of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, 9(55), 1137-1177.
  • Lai, B. S., Auslander, B. A., Fitzpatrick, S. L., & Podkowirow, V. (2014). Disasters and depressive symptoms in children: A review. Child & Youth Care Forum, 43(4), 489–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-014-9246-y
  • Maxwell, J. A. (2013). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Ministry of National Education (MoNE). (2024). Zorlayıcı yaşam olayları sonrası öğrenci psikoeğitim programı. Ankara: MoNE Publications.
  • Mutch, C., & Gawith, E. (2014). The New Zealand earthquakes and the role of schools in engaging children in emotional processing of disaster experiences. Pastoral Care in Education, 32(1), 54-67.
  • Özdemir, Ü., Ertürk, M., Güner, İ., & Koca, M. K. (2002). The importance of "earthquake and ways to protect from the damages of earthquakes" in primary education. Eastern Geography Journal, 7, 109-131.
  • Özkan, B., & Çetinkaya Kutun, F. (2021). Disaster psychology. Health Academicians Journal, 8(3), 249-256.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Pfefferbaum, B., Jacobs, A. K., Houston, J. B., & Griffin, N. (2015). Children's disaster reactions: The influence of family and social factors. Current Psychiatry Reports, 17(7), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-015-0597-6
  • Saatçi, G., Saatçi, T., & Köstekçi, M. (2024). The metaphorical perceptions of children affected by the Kahramanmaraş earthquake towards the concept of earthquake. Eurasian Health Sciences Journal, 7(3), 177-187.
  • Selçuk, E., & Erem, M. (2022). Preparations before the earthquake and necessary actions during the earthquake. TOTBİD Journal, 21, 249-252.
  • Selçuk, E., & Erem, M. (2022). Preparations before the earthquake and necessary actions during the earthquake. TOTBİD Journal, 21, 249–252.
  • Sumer, N., Karanci, A. N., Berument, S. K., & Gunes, H. (2005). Personal resources, coping self-efficacy, and quake exposure as predictors of psychological distress following the 1999 earthquake in Turkey. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(4), 331–342. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20032
  • Tang, B., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Xue, C., & Zhang, L. (2017). A meta-analysis of risk factors for depression in adults and children after natural disasters. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 623. https://doi.org/10.1186/
  • UNDRR. (2023, March). Türkiye Earthquake 2023: Preliminary damage and loss assessment. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. https://www.undrr.org
  • USGS. (2023). Magnitude 7.8 earthquake – Türkiye–Syria border region. United States Geological Survey. https://earthquake.usgs.gov
  • Yıldız, M., & Aydın, F. (2024). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin deprem sonrası yaşadıkları psikolojik etkiler: Adıyaman örneği. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 14(1), 55–70.

ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN 6 ŞUBAT KAHRAMANMARAŞ DEPREMLERİNE YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLERİ

Year 2025, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 155 - 173, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.17244/eku.1666870

Abstract

Earthquakes impact not only physical structures but also the economic, sociological, and psychological conditions of individuals. The devastating effects of the earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, centered around Kahramanmaraş, greatly affected Turkey, turning into a major disaster that resulted in loss of lives and property. This research aims to examine the effects of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes on secondary school students’ perspectives. The study group was selected from secondary school students in Hatay, who had experienced the earthquake, using purposive sampling. In this study, which uses a case study design from qualitative research methods, the participants’ views were obtained through a semi-structured interview form. During the interviews with the participants, 8 questions were asked, and the answers were analyzed through content analysis. The findings of the research revealed that the participants’ views and perceptions of the earthquake were negative. Most participants stated that they were negatively affected by the earthquake, and they had difficulty meeting even their basic needs during that time. The findings obtained from this research can contribute to revealing the impact of earthquakes on students and help in determining measures to be taken in light of potential consequences. Furthermore, it is recommended that psychosocial support be provided to students who have felt the effects of the earthquake in every stage of their lives and have been deeply affected by it, particularly those who have lost a family member.

References

  • Altun Efe, E., Altun Akkuş, P., & Yıldız, K. (2023). Primary school students' metaphorical perceptions of the concept of earthquake. Philosophy and Social Sciences Dialogues, 159-174.
  • Aydın, F. (2010). Perceptions of "earthquake" among eighth-grade primary school students. Journal of Turkish Studies, 5(3).
  • Aykırı, K. (2018). They are exhausted: Social studies pre-service teachers' community service experiences on consumer rights. Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Research (ASEAD), 5(12), 829-838.
  • Batır, İ., & İnce, C. (2023). The perceptions of religious officials on earthquakes as a form of disaster. Bitlis Islamiyat Journal, 5(2), 98-119.
  • Batır, İ., & İnce, C. (2023). The perceptions of religious officials on earthquakes as a form of disaster. Bitlis Islamiyat Journal, 5(2), 98–119.
  • Bedirli, B. (2014). Chronic psychological effects of earthquake trauma: Prevalence of post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms 14 years after the Düzce earthquake and associated risk factors [Master’s thesis, Haliç University].
  • Çoban, M., Sözbı̇lir, M., & Göktaş, Y. (2017). Identifying the perceptions of earthquake preparedness among individuals who have experienced an earthquake: A case study. Eastern Geography Journal, 22(37), 113-113.
  • CRED. (2023). EM-DAT: The International Disaster Database – 2023 Türkiye Earthquake. Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. https://www.emdat.be
  • Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Demı̇r Yıldız, C., & Demir Öztürk, E. (2023). University students' metaphorical perceptions of earthquakes. University Research Journal, 6(3), 308-316.
  • Demirbaş Kurtoğlu, A. (2023). 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremini yaşayanlarda depremden etkilenme düzeyleri: Hatay örneği [Master’s thesis, Namık Kemal University].
  • Demirkaya, H. (2007). Perceptions of primary school students about the concept of earthquake and their views on earthquakes. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education Faculty Journal, 8(14), 68-76.
  • Demirkaya, H. (2007). Perceptions of primary school students about the concept of earthquake and their views on earthquakes. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Education Faculty Journal, 8(14), 68–76.
  • Doğan, M., Nacaroğlu, O., & Ablak, S. (2021). Examining the metaphorical perceptions of middle school students who have experienced the Sivrice earthquake: The case of Malatya province. Dokuz Eylül University Buca Education Faculty Journal, 51, 384-402.
  • EMDAT. (2024). Natural disaster statistics: Earthquakes in Türkiye. Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. https://www.emdat.be
  • Eton, D. T., Ramalho de Oliveira, D., Egginton, J. S., Ridgeway, J. L., Odell, L., May, C. R., & Montori, V. M. (2012). Qualitative research and content validity: developing best practices based on science and experience. Patient Related Outcome Measures, 3, 39–55. https://doi.org/10.2147/PROM.S34681
  • FAD. (2023, February 28). Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremler – Bilgilendirme raporu [Informative report on the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes]. Disaster and Emergency Management Authority. https://www.afad.gov.tr
  • Fırat, M. (2022). Earthquake and its societal impacts. Tezkire Journal, 4(80), 47-72.
  • García-Vera, M. P., Sanz, J., & Gutiérrez, S. (2016). A meta-analytic review of the long-term effectiveness of psychological treatments for PTSD after natural disasters. Psychological Medicine, 46(3), 537–553. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715002009
  • Geçer, G. O. (2023). The reflections of the 1939 great Erzincan earthquake on modern Turkish poetry. Public Administration Institute Social Sciences Journal, 3(4).
  • Günerı̇Gök, T. (2023). Religious coping after the earthquake (The case of Adana province, 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake) [Master’s thesis, Necmettin Erbakan University].
  • Kallio, H., Pietilä, A.-M., Johnson, M., & Kangasniemi, M. (2016). Systematic methodological review: developing a framework for a qualitative semi‐structured interview guide. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 2954–2965. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13031
  • Karakaya, I., Topal, Z., & Tüzün, M. (2024). Depremzede çocuklarda görülen psikiyatrik belirtiler: Erciyes Üniversitesi örneği. Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatri Dergisi, 11(1), 23–34.
  • Karakuş, U. (2013). Perceptions of students who have and have not experienced earthquakes: A metaphor analysis. Eastern Geography Journal, 18(29), 97-97.
  • Karakuş, U. (2019). Pre-service social studies teachers' perceptions of natural disaster concepts through a word association test. Cumhuriyet International Journal of Education, 8(3).
  • Kaya, H. (2010). Metaphors developed by secondary school students towards the concept of "earthquake." Educational Research and Reviews, 5(11), 712.
  • Kılıçoğlu, G., & Akkaya Yılmaz, M. (2024). Investigating middle school students’ cognitive structures related to natural disasters. Amasya University Faculty of Education Journal, 13(1), 72-89.
  • Kurtyılmaz, Y., Başak, B. E., Güler, D., & Tümlü, G. Ü. (2019). Being a psychological counseling candidate: The experiences of clients in the psychological counseling process. Turkish Journal of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, 9(55), 1137-1177.
  • Lai, B. S., Auslander, B. A., Fitzpatrick, S. L., & Podkowirow, V. (2014). Disasters and depressive symptoms in children: A review. Child & Youth Care Forum, 43(4), 489–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-014-9246-y
  • Maxwell, J. A. (2013). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Ministry of National Education (MoNE). (2024). Zorlayıcı yaşam olayları sonrası öğrenci psikoeğitim programı. Ankara: MoNE Publications.
  • Mutch, C., & Gawith, E. (2014). The New Zealand earthquakes and the role of schools in engaging children in emotional processing of disaster experiences. Pastoral Care in Education, 32(1), 54-67.
  • Özdemir, Ü., Ertürk, M., Güner, İ., & Koca, M. K. (2002). The importance of "earthquake and ways to protect from the damages of earthquakes" in primary education. Eastern Geography Journal, 7, 109-131.
  • Özkan, B., & Çetinkaya Kutun, F. (2021). Disaster psychology. Health Academicians Journal, 8(3), 249-256.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Pfefferbaum, B., Jacobs, A. K., Houston, J. B., & Griffin, N. (2015). Children's disaster reactions: The influence of family and social factors. Current Psychiatry Reports, 17(7), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-015-0597-6
  • Saatçi, G., Saatçi, T., & Köstekçi, M. (2024). The metaphorical perceptions of children affected by the Kahramanmaraş earthquake towards the concept of earthquake. Eurasian Health Sciences Journal, 7(3), 177-187.
  • Selçuk, E., & Erem, M. (2022). Preparations before the earthquake and necessary actions during the earthquake. TOTBİD Journal, 21, 249-252.
  • Selçuk, E., & Erem, M. (2022). Preparations before the earthquake and necessary actions during the earthquake. TOTBİD Journal, 21, 249–252.
  • Sumer, N., Karanci, A. N., Berument, S. K., & Gunes, H. (2005). Personal resources, coping self-efficacy, and quake exposure as predictors of psychological distress following the 1999 earthquake in Turkey. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(4), 331–342. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20032
  • Tang, B., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Xue, C., & Zhang, L. (2017). A meta-analysis of risk factors for depression in adults and children after natural disasters. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 623. https://doi.org/10.1186/
  • UNDRR. (2023, March). Türkiye Earthquake 2023: Preliminary damage and loss assessment. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. https://www.undrr.org
  • USGS. (2023). Magnitude 7.8 earthquake – Türkiye–Syria border region. United States Geological Survey. https://earthquake.usgs.gov
  • Yıldız, M., & Aydın, F. (2024). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin deprem sonrası yaşadıkları psikolojik etkiler: Adıyaman örneği. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 14(1), 55–70.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Curriculum and Instration (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Özlem Yunus 0000-0002-7228-3105

Submission Date March 30, 2025
Acceptance Date September 9, 2025
Early Pub Date December 16, 2025
Publication Date December 30, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 21 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yunus, Ö. (2025). Views of Secondary School Students on February 6 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes. Eğitimde Kuram Ve Uygulama, 21(2), 155-173. https://doi.org/10.17244/eku.1666870