ERGENLİK ÇAĞINDAKİ ANNELERİN BAKIŞ AÇISIYLA POLONYA'DA UYGULANAN BİR SAĞLIK EĞİTİMİ PROGRAMI

Abstract

Polonya, ‘Aile Yaşamı için Eğitim' adı altında cinsellikten uzak durmayı öngören bir sağlık eğitimi modelini benimsemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ergenlik çağındaki annelerin görüşlerinin bu modelin geliştirilmesi için katkı sağlayıp sağlayamayacağını saptamaktır. Araştırma, 14 ila 18 yaş arasındaki 14 ergen anne ile yapılan odak grup görüşmeleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş; tartışma ise etkili ergen gebelik önleme programlarının özellikleri üzerine odaklanarak bu özellikler çerçevesi içinde yürütülmüştür. Polonya'daki üreme sağlığı eğitimi modeli görsel medyanın da yoğun bir şekilde kullanıldığı rahat bir ortamda yürütülmektedir. Öğretim, soru sorma fırsatının çok az olduğu tek yönlü bilgi aktarımı olarak tanımlanabilir. Doğum kontrolü ile ilgili çok az ya da hiç tartışma yapılmamaktadır. Nadiren yapılan tartışmalar ise tutarlı bir mesaj içermekten uzak olmakta ve öğretmen tarafından uygun görülen davranış biçiminin aktarılmasıyla son bulmaktadır. Özellikle ergenler arasındaki romantik ilişkilerde bağlılığın olmadığı vurgulanmaktadır. Bu sebeple verilen üreme sağlığı eğitimi dersleri aile yaşamı üzerinde öğretici bir etkiye sahip olamamaktadır. Polonya modeli cinsel anlamda aktif olan veya yakın zamanda aktif olması beklenen ergenlerin gereksinimlerini dikkate almalı, verilen mesajın tutarlılığı güçlü bir şekilde vurgulanmalı ve uygun pedagojik beceriler göz önünde bulundurularak bu model ile verilen eğitimin kalitesine özen gösterilmelidir.

Keywords

• Ergen sağlığı, cinsel sağlık, üreme sağlığı, nitel araştırma yöntemi

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