Design and Performance Analysis of Flexible Wearable Antenna for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) Applications

Year 2025, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 25 - 34, 21.12.2025

Hakan Kişioğlu

Abstract

This paper presents a compact and flexible wearable antenna designed for wireless body area network applications. The antenna is implemented on a jeans-fabric substrate with overall dimensions of 35 × 40 × 1 mm³ and is designed and analyzed using commercial electromagnetic simulation software. The suggested antenna resonates at 2.45GHz, 3.30GHz, 5.33GHz, 7.13GHz, and 12.01GHz, providing realized gains of 1.44 dBi, 2.01dBi, 1.23dBi, 3.77dBi, and 4.57dBi, respectively. The performance of the antenna structure is investigated under both flat and bent conditions. The results show that bending has a negligible effect on the reflection coefficient. A prototype of the suggested antenna was fabricated and measured, and despite small differences and slight shifts in the resonance frequencies, the agreement between the simulated and measured reflection coefficients is satisfactory. Overall, the simulation and measurement results confirm that the suggested design is suitable for wearable technology applications.

Keywords

Textile antenna , Wearable antenna , Wireless body area network (WBAN)

Kablosuz Vücut Alan Ağı Uygulamaları için Esnek Giyilebilir Anten Tasarımı ve Performans Analizi

Abstract

Bu makale, kablosuz vücut alan ağı uygulamaları için tasarlanmış kompakt ve esnek bir giyilebilir anteni tanıtmaktadır. Anten, 35 × 40 × 1 mm³ boyutlarına sahip kot kumaş bir taban üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup ticari bir elektromanyetik benzetim yazılımı kullanılarak tasarlanmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Önerilen anten, 2.45GHz, 3.30GHz, 5.33GHz, 7.13GHz ve 12.01GHz rezonans frekanslarında sırasıyla 1.44 dBi, 2.01 dBi, 1.23 dBi, 3.77 dBi ve 4.57 dBi gerçekleşen kazanç değerleri sağlamaktadır. Antenin performansı, anten yapısının düz ve bükülmüş koşullar altında incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, bükülmenin yansıma katsayısı üzerinde ihmal edilebilir bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Önerilen anteni üretimi yapılarak ölçümü gerçekleştirilmiştir. Rezonans frekanslarında küçük farklılıklar ve hafif kaymalar bulunsa da, benzetim ve ölçümle elde edilen yansıma katsayıları arasındaki uyum tatmin edicidir. Genel olarak, benzetim ve ölçüm sonuçları, önerilen tasarımın giyilebilir teknoloji uygulamaları için uygun olduğunu doğrulamaktadır.

Keywords

Tekstil anten , Giyilebilir anten , Kablosuz vücut alan ağı (WBAN)

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