Microscopic Evaluation and Qualitative Phytochemical Screening of Leaves and Fruits of Lycium ferocissimum Miers.

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 20 - 29, 03.07.2025

Beste Atlı , Sayeh Ghahramani , Ezgi Ak-sakallı , Nesrin Öztinen , Müberra Koşar

https://doi.org/10.54994/emujpharmsci.1686372

Abstract

Lycium ferocissimum Miers. is a plant species belonging to the Solanaceae family. This study aimed to investigate the microscopic structure and phytochemical composition of the leaf, green fruit, and red fruit of L. ferrocissimum. Plant materials were oven-dried at 50 °C, powdered, and prepared for microscopic analysis using chloral hydrate. Microscopy revealed stomata, epidermis, crystals, and secretory hairs in leaves; and parenchyma, pigment cells, and stone cells in fruits. Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard biochemical reactions for primary and secondary metabolites. Alkaloids were confirmed by Dragendorff’s test, producing a reddish-brown precipitate. Carbohydrates were detected using Fehling, Molisch, and Seliwanoff tests, all giving positive results. Flavonoid glycosides were identified via Cyanidin test; red fruit gave a strong orange color and zinc confirmed the presence of flavonoid. Lipid detection using Sudan III resulted in orange spots in both red and green fruits. Carotenoids were identified by pH-dependent color changes. No saponins were detected.

Keywords

Lycium ferocissimum , phytochemical analysis , microscopy , flavonoids , medicinal plant

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