Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Başarı Atıfları Üzerine Fenomenolojik Bir İnceleme

Year 2017, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 58 - 79, 31.03.2017

Ayşe Taşkıran

Abstract

Akademik başarı algısı ve öğrencilerin başarı durumlarına yaptıkları atıflar öğrenciler üzerinde hem
bilişsel hem de duyuşsal etkilere sebep olabilmektedir. Nedensel çıkarsama kuramına göre bireylerin elde
ettikleri sonuçların arkasında yatan nedenlere yaptıkları atıflar onların devamlılık göstermelerine,
gelecekteki başarı beklentilerine, motivasyonlarına ve dolayısıyla gelecekte gösterecekleri akademik
başarıya etki eden en önemli unsurlardır. Bu çalışmada Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesi
(AÜAÖF) öğrencilerinin başarı algıları ve başarı durumlarına yaptıkları nedensel yüklemeler hakkında
derinlemesine bilgi edinmek hedeflenmiştir. Atıfların bağlama ve bireye özgü doğasından yola çıkarak bu
çalışmanın önemi AÜAÖF öğrencilerinin eğitim süreçlerinde başarı ve başarısızlık algılarına yönelik
atıflarını doğrudan onlardan öğrenmektir. Bu amaçla fenomenolojik bir yaklaşımla herhangi bir ön
çıkarımda bulunmadan öğrencilerle bağlı bulundukları programda kendilerinin başarılı bulup bulmadıkları
ve bunun arkasında yatan nedenlerin neler olduğu konusunda çoklu görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu
atıfların ne derece sağlıklı ya da sağlıksız atıflar olduğu Weiner'ın nedensel çıkarsama kuramı
çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Tespit edilen bulgulara göre başarı algısının kişiden kişiye göre
değişkenlik gösterdiği, yapılan atıfların yükleme kuramı çerçevesinde yapılan araştırmaların bulgularıyla
örtüştüğü ortaya çıkmıştır. Atıflardan yola çıkarak AÖF sistemi üzerine önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

Açıköğretim, başarı algısı, yükleme kuramı, nedensel çıkarsama, motivasyon

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