ÇATIŞMA İLE UZLAŞI ARASINDA: MİLLİYETÇİLİK İKLİM POLİTİKALARI İLE UYUMLU OLABİLİR Mİ?

Öz

İklim değişikliği siyaset biliminin gündemine, diğer disiplinlere nazaran daha geç bir dönemde girmiştir. Bununla birlikte konunun siyaset biliminin genel kavramsal ve normatif çerçevesi içinde ele alınmaya başladığı çalışmaların sayısı giderek artmaktadır. Bu makalede de iklim değişikliğinin milliyetçilik ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Metin üç bölüme ayrılmıştır. İlk bölümde, antroposen çağı kavramsallaştırması çerçevesinde sanayi-toplumunun iklim krizinin meydana gelmesindeki etkisi ve bunun ulus-devlet ve milliyetçilik ile ilişkisi özetlenmiştir. Devamında, milliyetçiliğin iklim değişikliğine uyum politikalarına karşı ne gibi dirençler meydana getirdiği üzerinde durulmuştur. Son bölümde ise hâlihazırda güçlü bir aktör olan ulus-devletin ve etkin bir ideoloji olan milliyetçiliğin, iklimsel uyum konusunda güncellenmesinin imkânları, literatürden örnekler ile tartışılmıştır. Milliyetçiliğin belirli bir türünün refah toplumları için iklim değişikliği çerçevesinde bir imkân olduğu, ancak gelişmekte olan toplumlar için aynı önermenin kuşkulu olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Bununla birlikte milliyetçiliğin belirli bir döneminde demokratik siyasal katılmayı artırdığı da değerlendirildiğinde, bu ideolojinin iklim değişikliğine uyum konusunda kendini yeniden-üretmesi imkânı olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çevre
• ideoloji
• iklim değişikliği
• milliyetçilik
• ulus-devlet

BETWEEN CONFLICT AND RECONCILIATION: CAN NATIONALISM BE COMPATIBLE WITH CLIMATE POLICIES?

Abstract

Climate change entered the agenda of political science later than other disciplines. However, the number of studies in which the subject has begun to be addressed within the general conceptual and normative framework of political science is increasing. This article aims to examine the relationship between climate change and nationalism. The text is divided into three parts. In the first part, the effect of the industrial-society on the occurrence of the climate crisis and its relationship with the nation-state and nationalism are summarized within the framework of the Anthropocene conceptualization. In the following, it is emphasized what kind of resistances nationalism brings about against climate change adaptation policies. In the last part, the possibilities of updating the nation-state, which is already a powerful actor, and nationalism, which is already an effective ideology, on climate adaptation are discussed with the cases from the literature. It has been argued that a certain type of nationalism is a possibility within the framework of climate change for welfare societies, but the same proposition for developing societies is dubious. However, considering that nationalism increased democratic political participation in a certain period, it is thought that this ideology has the opportunity to reproduce itself in adaptation to climate change.

Keywords

• Climate change
• environment
• ideology
• nationalism
• nation-state

Kaynakça

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