Anason yetiştirilen alanlarda önemli bitki paraziti nematodlarının dağılımı ve tanımlanması

Öz

Anason, Pimpinella anisum L. (Apiales: Apiaceae) önemli bir tıbbi aromatik bitkidir ve farklı zararlılar ve patojenler tarafından saldırıya uğrayabilmektedir. Bitki paraziti nematodlar, zararları besin eksikliği veya çeşitli hastalık veya zararlıların semptomları ile karıştırılabilen önemli zararlılardır. Bu nedenle, entegre nematod mücadele programları ve ürün rotasyonu için bu organizmaların hızlı ve doğru tanımlanması esastır. 2021 yılında Türkiye'nin en önemli anason üretim alanlarından biri olan Afyonkarahisar İli Bolvadin İlçesi'nde sürvey çalışması yapılmıştır. Bölgedeki anason alanlarından 42 toprak örneği alınmış ve bitki paraziti nematod türlerinin moleküler tanımlanmasında türe özgü 16 primer kullanılmıştır. Örneklerde Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae), Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941, Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) ve Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie, 1942 (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae) sırasıyla %57 (24), %52 (22), %36 (15) ve %7 (3) oranlarında belirlenmiştir. Bitki paraziti nematodlar hem tek hemde karışık popülasyonlar halinde bulunmuştur. Ayrıca A. besseyi, anason üretim alanlarında ilk kez belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anason
• tanımlama
• PCR
• bitki paraziti nematodlar

Distribution and identification of important plant parasitic nematodes in anise growing areas

Abstract

Anise, Pimpinella anisum L. (Apiales: Apiaceae) is an important medicinal aromatic plant and can be attacked by different pests and pathogens. Plant parasitic nematodes are important pests that can be confused with nutrient deficiency or symptoms of various diseases or pests. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification of these pests is essential for integrated nematode management and rotation. In 2021, a survey was conducted in Bolvadin District of Afyonkarahisar Province, which is one of the most important anise production areas of Türkiye. Forty-two soil samples were collected from the anise growing areas in the district and 16 species-specific primers were used for molecular identification of plant parasitic nematodes. In the samples, Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae), Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941, Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) and Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie, 1942 (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae), were detected at the rates of 57% (24), 52% (22), 36% (15) and 7% (3), respectively. Plant parasitic nematodes were found in both single and mixed populations. In addition, A. besseyi was found for the first time in anise growing areas.

Keywords

• Anise
• identification
• PCR
• plant parasitic nematodes

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