Kivi bahçelerindeki yabancı otlarda görülen kök-ur nematodu türlerinin, Meloidogyne spp. Goeldi, 1892 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) moleküler yöntemlerle tespiti

Öz

Bu araştırmada, Ordu ilinde kivi bahçelerinde yabancı otları enfekte eden kök-ur nematod türleri araştırılmıştır. 2018 yılında bir sürvey çalışması ile kivi bahçelerinde kök-ur nematodu ile bulaşık yabancı ot kökleri gözlemlenmiş ve 27 kivi bahçesinden yabancı ot örnekleri toplanmıştır. Tür teşhisleri mitokondriyal DNA'ya dayalı moleküler yöntem kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Sitokrom oksidaz II ve ribozomal RNA büyük alt birimi arasındaki mtDNA bölgesi, iki çift primer TRNAH/MRH106 ve MORF/MTHIS kullanılarak çoğaltılmıştır. Teşhislerin doğrulanması için türe özgü spesifik primerler kullanılmıştır. Sekiz familyaya ait 15 yabancı ot türünden (ikisi tanımlanamayan) Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919), Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) ve Meloidogyne hapla (Chitwood, 1949) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) türleri tespit edilmiştir. Bulaşık bahçelerde M. incognita en sık görülen tür olup, örneklerin %74,1'i enfekteli bulunmuş, bunu %22.2 ile M. hapla ve %3.7 ile M. arenaria izlemiştir. Bu çalışmada Erigeron canadensis L. (Asterales: Asteraceae), Mercurialis annua L. (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae), Oxalis pes-caprae L. (Oxalidales: Oxalidaceae), Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), Fumaria officinalis L. (Ranunculales: Papaveraceae) ve Lycopus spp. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) türleri M. incognita için, Sigesbeckia orientalis L. (Asterales: Asteraceae) ve Lythrum spp. (Myrtales: Lythraceae) ise M. hapla için daha önce kaydedilmemiş konukçular olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kivi
• Meloidogyne
• mtDNA
• SCAR
• yabancı otlar
• yabancı ot konukçuları

Molecular determination of root-knot nematode species, Meloidogyne spp. Goeldi, 1892 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) infesting weeds in kiwifruit orchards in Türkiye

Abstract

In this investigation, the species of root-knot nematodes (RKNs) infesting weeds in kiwifruit orchards were investigated in the Ordu Province, Türkiye. A survey was conducted in 2018 and roots of weeds with RKN infestations were found in kiwifruit orchards. The infested weed samples were collected from 27 kiwifruit fruit orchards located in the Ordu Province. Identification of RKNs was performed using the molecular method based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The mtDNA region between the cytochrome oxidase II and the large subunit ribosomal RNA was amplified using two pairs of primers TRNAH/MRH106 and MORF/MTHIS. Species-specific primers previously described were used to confirm Meloidogyne species as the last step. Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919), Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) and Meloidogyne hapla (Chitwood, 1949) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) were identified from fifteen weed species (2 unidentified) in eight families. Meloidogyne incognita was the most frequent species with 74.1% of the samples infested, followed by M. hapla at 22.2% and M. arenaria at 3.7%. In this study found Erigeron canadensis L. (Asterales: Asteraceae), Mercurialis annua L. (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae), Oxalis pes-caprae L. (Oxalidales: Oxalidaceae), Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), Fumaria officinalis L. (Ranunculales: Papaveraceae) and Lycopus spp. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) to be previously unrecorded hosts of M. incognita and Sigesbeckia orientalis L. (Asterales: Asteraceae) and Lythrum spp. (Myrtales: Lythraceae) a host of M. hapla.

Keywords

• Kiwifruit
• Meloidogyne spp.
• mtDNA
• SCAR
• weeds
• weed hosts

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