Effect of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and Trichoderma viride Pers. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) on demographic parameters of Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) feeding on bell pepper plant

Abstract

In this study, the indirect effects of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and Trichoderma viride Pers. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) on Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) via the bell pepper, Capsicum annuum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) variety were determined using age and stage-specific two-sex life table. Cartesian product was used in the comparison tests. The study was conducted at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection between May and July 2024. The differences in the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and doubling time (DT) Trichoderma spp. treatments were statistically significant compared to the control. The intrinsic rate of increase for M. persicae on T. harzianum-treated plants (0.3321 d⁻¹) was significantly lower than on T. viride (0.3462 d⁻¹) and the mixture treatment (0.3583 d⁻¹). In conclusion, it was determined that both Trichoderma spp. negatively affected the fitness of M. persicae through the pepper plant, with T. harzianum being more effective than T. viride. Testing beneficial microorganisms in different plant-pest combinations in future studies will enhance the understanding of this mechanism and provide significant contributions to integrated pest management.

Keywords

• Bell pepper
• Myzus persicae
• Trichoderma harzianum
• Trichoderma viride
• two-sex life table

Trichoderma harzianum Rifai ve Trichoderma viride Pers. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)'nin dolmalık biber bitkileri üstünde beslenen Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)'nin demografik parametreleri üzerine etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, dolmalık biber, Capsicum annuum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) çeşidi aracılığıyla Trichoderma harzianum Rifai ve Trichoderma viride Pers. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)'nin Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) üzerindeki dolaylı etkileri yaş ve döneme özgü iki eşeyli yaşam çizelgesi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Karşılaştırma testi olarak kartezyen çarpım kullanılmıştır. Çalışma, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü’nde 2024 yılı Mayıs-Temmuz ayları arasında yürütülmüştür. Trichoderma spp. uygulamalarında kalıtsal üreme yeteneği (r), üreme gücü sınırı (λ) ve popülasyonu ikiye katlama süresi (DT) parametreleri kontrole kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Trichoderma harzianum ile muamele edilmiş bitkilerle beslenen M. persicae bireylerinin kalıtsal üreme yeteneği (0.3321 d⁻¹), diğer muamelelere, (T. viride, 0.3462 d⁻¹ ve her iki Trichoderma spp. karışımı 0.3583 d⁻¹) kıyasla önemli ölçüde daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda, her iki Trichoderma spp. de biber bitkisi aracılığıyla M. persicae'nin biyolojisi üzerinde olumsuz etkiye sahip olduğu ve T. harzianum'un T. viride'den daha etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlerleyen çalışmalarda faydalı mikroorganizmaların farklı bitki ve zararlı kombinasyonlarında test edilmesi, bu mekanizmanın daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlayarak entegre zararlı yönetimine önemli katkılar sunacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dolmalık biber
• Myzus persicae
• Trichoderma harzianum
• Trichoderma viride
• iki eşeyli yaşam tablosu

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