Mortality effect of wettable powder formulations containing entomopathogenic fungal spores against some stored-product pests

Abstract

In this study, the effectiveness of wettable powder formulations containing entomopathogenic fungal spores of Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and Metarhizium robertsii Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) was examined against major stored-product pests in 2021 in Bioinsecticide Mass Production Laboratory of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University. Twelve formulations were developed: six of which were based on B. bassiana isolate 5-4 and the other six on M. robertsii isolate S3. The formulations were applied on both wheat and concrete surfaces at predetermined dosages. Bioassays were conducted using Plodia interpunctella (Hübner, 1813) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) third-instar larvae, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.,1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Sitophilus oryzae L.,1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults, under controlled conditions at 30±2°C, 65±5% relative humidity, and in darkness. When applied to wheat, all formulations exhibited high mortality rates against R. dominica and P. interpunctella, while showing limited efficacy against S. oryzae. Conversely, applications on concrete surfaces demonstrated higher efficacy to all pests, particularly against S. oryzae. Amongst the formulations, those containing B. bassiana outperformed M. robertsii-based formulations in terms of efficacy, both on concrete surfaces and wheat. The findings suggest that the developed formulations have significant potential as an effective alternative for pest management in empty storage facilities. Notably, surface applications provided superior results compared to applications directly on stored products.

Keywords

• Bioinsecticide
• entomopathogenic fungi
• mortality
• stored product pests

Entomopatojen fungus sporları içeren ıslanabilir toz formülasyonların bazı depolanmış ürün zararlılarına karşı ölüm etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, entomopatojen fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) ve Metarhizium robertsii Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) sporlarını içeren ıslanabilir toz formülasyonların depolanmış ürün zararlılarına karşı etkinliği 2021 yılında Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bitki Koruma Bölümü Biyoinsektisit Kitlesel Araştırma Laboratuvarında incelenmiştir. B. bassiana'nın 5-4 nolu izolatından 6 adet ve M. robertsii'nin S3 nolu izolatından 6 adet olmak üzere toplam 12 formülasyon hazırlanmış ve belirlenen dozlarda hem buğdaya hem de beton yüzeye uygulanmıştır. Biyolojik testlerde, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner, 1813) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) 3. dönem larvaları ile Rhyzopertha dominica (F., 1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) ve Sitophilus oryzae L., 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) erginleri kullanılmıştır. Testler, 30±2°C sıcaklık ve %65±5 nispi nemde karanlık ortam şartlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tüm formülasyonlar ürüne uygulandığında, R. dominica ve P. interpunctella üzerinde yüksek ölüm etkisi gösterirken, S. oryzae’ye karşı daha yüksek etki göstermiştir. Beton yüzeye uygulandığında ise tüm zararlılara, özellikle S. oryzae’ üzerinde etkisi düşük kalmıştır. Formülasyonlar arasında, B. bassiana içerenlerin üç zararlı türüne karşı hem yüzeyde hem de üründe, M. robertsii içerenlere kıyasla daha etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, hazırlanan ıslanabilir toz formülasyonların, boş depolarda zararlılara karşı mücadelede etkili ve önemli bir alternatif olabileceğini göstermektedir. Özellikle beton yüzeye uygulamanın, ürüne uygulamaya kıyasla daha başarılı sonuçlar sunduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyoinsektisit
• entomopatojen fungus
• ölüm etkisi
• depolanmış ürün zararlıları

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