Bitkisel ve sentetik insektisitlerin Pieris brassicae (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) üzerine etkileri

Öz

Lahana beyaz kelebeği, Pieris brassicae (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), lahanada dikkate değer nicel veya nitel ürün kayıplarına neden olan en önemli zararlılardan biridir. Bu çalışmada Sargodha Üniversitesi (Pakistan)’nde, farklı yeni kimyasal insektisitlerin (thiamethoxam 25% SP, acetamiprid 20% SP ve pyriproxyfen 10.8% EC) ve Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. yaprakları, greyfurt (Citrus × paradisi Macfad.) kabuğu, nane (Mentha spicata L.) yaprakları ve neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) yapraklarından elde edilen dört bitki ekstraktının, P. brassicae’nin beslenme davranışlarına, larva gelişimine ve öldürücü etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada P. brassicae’nin gelişme parametrelerinde en önemli etkiyi %7’lik neem ekstaktı göstermiştir. Göreceli büyüme oranı %7’lik neem ekstraktı uygulandığında en düşük (3.05±0.27 mg/mg/d) olurken, kontrol uygulamasından sonra %5 oranında greyfurt ekstraktı uygulandığında daha yüksek (8.59±1.38 mg/mg/d) olmuştur. Kontrol uygulamasına kıyasla, P. brassicae’nin göreceli yem tüketimi oranı ve yutulan yiyeceklerin dönüşüm verimliliği %7’lik neem ekstraktı uygulandıktan sonra sırasıyla %66 ve %58’e düşmüştür. Neem ekstraktının %7’lik uygulaması, %65’e kadar larva ölümüne sebep olmuştur. Ayrıca, neem ekstraktı (%7) ile pyriproxyfen kombinasyonu, larvalar üzerinde önemli strese neden olmuştur. Bu nedenle, tek başına veya insektisitlerle kombinasyon halinde %7 oranında neem ekstraktı, sebze üretiminde P. brassicae’nin kontrolünde daha güvenli bir gıda için kullanılabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bitkisel ekstraktlar,lahana beyaz kelebeği,beslenme göstergesi,insektisitler,Pieris brassicae

Effect of botanicals and synthetic insecticides on Pieris brassicae (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Abstract

Cabbage white butterfly, Pieris brassicae (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), is one of the severe insect pests of cabbage crop which causes remarkable quantitative or qualitative crop losses. The effect of different new chemistry insecticides (thiamethoxam 25% SP, acetamiprid 20% SP and pyriproxyfen 10.8% EC) and four botanical extracts, Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. leaves, grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi Macfad.) bark, spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) leaves and neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) leaves, on the feeding behavior, larval growth and mortality of P. brassicae was studied at University of Sargodha (Pakistan). The study showed that neem extracts at 7% had a significant effect on growth parameters of P. brassicae. The relative growth rate was the lowest (3.05±0.27 mg/mg/d) when neem extract was applied at 7% and higher (8.59±1.38 mg/mg/d) when grapefruit extract was applied at 5% after the control treatment. In comparison to control treatment, relative feed consumption rate of P. brassicae and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food decreased to 66 and 58%, respectively, after the application of neem extract at 7%. Neem extracts at 7% caused up to 65% larval mortality. The neem extract (7%) in combination with pyriproxyfen also caused the significant stress on the larvae. So, neem extracts at 7% alone or in combination with insecticides can be used for control of P. brassicae in vegetable crops for a safer food supply.

Keywords

• Botanical extracts,cabbage white caterpillar,feeding indices,insecticides,Pieris brassicae

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