Bağda bitki gelişim düzenleyicisi, yaprak gübresi ve yayıcı-yapıştırıcılarla karıştırılarak uygulanan bazı pestisitlerin parçalanma sürecindeki değişimlerin belirlenmesi

Öz

2015-2016 yıllarında yürütülen bu çalışmada, asma yapraklarını toplama ve üzüm hasadı öncesi dönemlerde kullanılan bazı pestisitler ile bitki gelişim düzenleyicisi (BGD), yaprak gübresi (YG) ve yayıcı-yapıştırıcıların (YY) pestisitlerin parçalanma sürecine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bağda karışım halinde kullanılan pestisitlerin, ilaçlama alet deposunda parçalanma olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amacıyla laboratuvarda gerçekleştirilen önce fiziksel sonra da kromatografik analizlerde gerek pestisitlerin birbirleriyle gerekse diğer preparatlar ile karışımlarında herhangi bir önemli etkileşim görülmemiştir. Karışım halinde kullanılan pestisitlerin arazi koşullarında parçalanma sürecinde değişim olup olmadığını belirlemek üzere 2016 yılında İzmir’in Kemalpaşa ilçesindeki bir bağda iki farklı dönemde iki deneme kurulmuştur. Asmanın yaprak toplama döneminde azoxystrobin, imidacloprid ve metalaxyl içeren preparatların üçlü karışımı BGD, YG ve YY ile tekli, ikili ve üçlü olarak karıştırılarak 8 karakterli bir deneme üç tekerrürlü olarak uygulanmış, amaca uygun aralıklarla alınan yaprak örneklerinde aktif maddelerin degredasyon süreci belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak çoğu karışımlarda degredasyonunun yavaşladığı, bekleme süresi sonunda bile kalıntı miktarının MRL’nin altına düşürmediği görülmüştür. Üzüm döneminde ise boscalid, chlorpyrifos ethyl ve hexythiazox içeren preparatların üçlü karışımı, aynı asma yaprak döneminde olduğu gibi uygulanmıştır. Bu dönemde kullanılan tüm karışımlar, boscalidin degredasyon sürecini uzatmış, chlorpyrifos ethyl ve hexythiazoxun degredasyon sürecinde ise önemli bir etki görülmemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yaprak gübresi,pestisit,bitki gelişim düzenleyicisi,bekleme süresi,yayıcı-yapıştırıcı,tank karışımı

Determination of the changes in the process of degradation of some pesticides applied in mixtures with plant growth regulators, foliar fertilizers and spreader-stricker in a vineyard

Abstract

The study conducted in 2015-2016 examined effects of plant growth regulators (PGR), foliar fertilizers (FF) and spreader-sticker (SS) on the process of degradation of pesticides. First physical then chromatographic analyses were conducted in laboratory to determine whether degradation occurred even in spray tanks. In order to determine if changes occurred during the process of decomposition of pesticides in mixtures under field conditions, two experiments were set up in Izmir during the shooting and fruiting of grapevines in 2016. In shooting period, a mixture of azoxystrobin, imidacloprid and metalaxyl was blended with PGR, FF and SS in double and triple combinations to create eight treatments applied to three replicates to determine the process of degradation of active ingredients on leaf samples collected at given intervals. In general, it was observed that degradation of azoxystrobin, imidacloprid and metalaxyl on leaves applied with PGR, FF and SS was slower and the residues did not drop below maximum residue limits even after the preharvest interval. During the fruiting period, a mixture of boscalid, chlorpyrifos ethyl and hexythiazox was applied in the same way as for the shooting period. All mixtures with PGR, FF and SStended to increase degradation of boscalid, but had no effect on the degradation on chlorpyrifos ethyl and hexythiazox.

Keywords

• Foliar fertilizer,pesticide,plant growth regulator,preharvest interval,spreader-sticker,tank mix

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