New application method for entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar, 1976) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) HBH strain against Locusta migratoria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

Abstract

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae are being used as biocontrol agents against many soil borne insect pests in agriculture. Above-ground applications against the insects are usually unsuccessful due to the lack of humidity. Therefore, EPNs rapidly lose their effectiveness. In this study, conducted in 2018 under laboratory conditions in Bursa-Turkey, a new application method was developed for the use of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora(Poinar, 1976) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) HBH hybrid strain against the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria(Linnaeus, 1758) (Orthoptera: Acrididae). A new trap system is coated with hydrophilic cotton fabric to provide the necessary humidity to allow the use of EPNs above-ground. Three different application rates of H. bacteriophora(5000, 25000 and 50000 IJs) were applied to the trap system. The fabric was inoculated with the nematodes and combined with a reservoir containing 200 ml of ringer solution. The dead and live nematodeswere recorded periodically to determine their persistence on the fabric. The mortality of L. migratoria were also recorded to determine the infectivity of H. bacteriophora. The infectivity and persistence of the nematodes was sustained for more than 4 weeks by this method.

Keywords

• Above-ground application
• entomopathogenic nematodes
• hydrophilic fabric
• Locusta migratoria

Entomopatojen nematod Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar, 1976) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) HBH hibrit ırkının Locusta migratoria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)’ya karşı yeni bir uygulama yöntemi

Öz

Entomopatojen nematodlar (EPN) Heterorhabditidae ve Steinernematidae familyalarına bağlı olan, toprak altında yaşayan zararlı böceklere karşı kullanılan biyolojik mücadele etmenleridir. Toprak üzerine yapılan uygulamalar nemli ortam sağlanamaması nedeniyle başarısız olmaktadır. Bu nedenle toprak üzerinde EPN etkinliği çok kısa sürede yok olmaktadır. Bursa’da laboratuvar koşullarında 2018 yılında yapılan bu çalışmada, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora(Poinar, 1976) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) HBH hibrit ırkının uygulaması üzerine yeni bir teknik geliştirilmiş ve Locusta migratoria(Linnaeus, 1758) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) üzerindeki etkinliği incelenmiştir. Yeni geliştirilen tuzak sistemi hidrofil bir kumaş ile kaplanmış ve bu kumaş sayesinde tuzak yüzeyinin sürekli olarak nemli kalması sağlanmıştır. Tuzak sisteminde H. bacteriophora’nın üç farklı uygulama dozu (5000, 25000 ve 50000 IJs) kullanılmıştır. Tuzak yüzeyindeki hidrofil kumaş üzerinde belirli dozlardaki nematod solüsyonları uygulanmış ve tuzak sistemi 200 ml Ringer solüsyonu içeren rezervuar ile birleştirilerek kullanıma hazır hale getirilmiştir. Belirli aralıklarla ölü ve canlı EPN bireyleri sayılarak kumaş üzerindeki kalıcılık hesaplanmıştır. Buna ek olarak çekirgelerin ölüm oranları da periyodik olarak hesaplanmış ve tuzağın etkinliği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda bu tuzak sistemi sayesinde bu nematodun kalıcılığının artırıldığı ve toprak üzerine yapılan uygulama ile etkinlikte başarı sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Toprak üstü uygulama
• entomopatojen nematodlar
• hidrofil kumaş
• Locusta migratoria

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