Odontotermes obesus (Rambur, 1842) (Blattodea: Termitidae: Macrotermitinae)’a karşı farklı insektisitlerin zehir ve kaçırıcı özellikleri

Öz

Mantar yetiştiren termitler, Asya ve Afrika'daki tarımsal bölgelerin ve binaların önemli zararlılarıdır. Bu çalışmada, dört farklı insektisitin (fipronil 5% SC, imidacloprid 20 SL, thiamethoxam 25 WG ve chlorfenapyr 360 SC) mantar yetiştirici termit, Odontotermes obesus (Rambur, 1842) (Blattodea: Termitidae: Macrotermitinae) üzerindeki zehir ve kaçırıcı etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma, yemlerin ve yerel uygulamaların gelecekteki kullanımları için etkili termisitlerin belirlenmesi ve bunların optimal dozlarının saptanması amacıyla Eylül-Ekim 2016'da Pakistan’ın Dera Ghazi Khan şehrindeki Ghazi Üniversitesi’nde yürütülmüştür. Değerlendirilen kimyasalların zehirliliklerinde önemli farklılıklar görülmüştür. Chlorfenapyr ve thiamethoxam daha düşük LC₅₀ ve LT₅₀ değerleri ile daha fazla zehirli ve daha etkili olurken; imidacloprid ve fipronil daha yüksek LC₅₀ ve LT₅₀ değerleri ile nispeten daha az zehirli ve daha az etkili olarak tespit edilmiştir. Dört kimyasal da istatistiksel olarak her bir dozda birbirleriyle eşit miktarda bulunmuştur. Odontotermes obesus için kaçırıcı olmayan veya çok az kaçırıcılık gösteren chlorfenapyrin 0-20 mg/l dozları, fipronilin 0-40 mg/l dozları, imidacloprid 0-80 mg/l dozları ve thiamethoxamın 0-20 mg/l dozlarında herhangi bir tercih edilmeme durumu görülmemiştir. Bu sonuçlar, Chlorfenapyr, imidaclopridve thiamethoxam toprak termitisitleri olarak ve fipronilinin ise hem toprak termitisiti olarak hem de termit yem programlarında kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mantar yetiştirici termitler,sinir zehirleri,toprak uygulaması,termit yemi

Toxicity and repellency of different insecticides to Odontotermes obesus (Rambur, 1842) (Blattodea: Termitidae: Macrotermitinae)

Abstract

Fungus-growing termites are important pests for buildings andagriculture in Asia and Africa. This study assessed four insecticides (fipronil 5% SC, imidacloprid 20 SL, thiamethoxam 25 WG and chlorfenapyr 360 SC) for their toxicity and repellency to the fungus-growing termite, Odontotermes obesus (Rambur, 1842) (Blattodea: Termitidae: Macrotermitinae). The study was conducted at Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan fromSeptember-October, 2016 and was undertaken to identify effective termiticides along with their optimal concentrations for future use in baits and localized treatments. The chemicals assessed were differed significantly in their toxicity. Chlorfenapyr and thiamethoxam were more toxic and faster acting with lower LC₅₀ and LT₅₀ values than imidacloprid and fipronil. The four chemicals were statistically similar at each concentration. Odontotermes obesus was not repelled by 0-20 mg/l chlorfenapyr, 0-40 mg/l fipronil, 0-80 mg/l imidacloprid or 0-20 mg/l thiamethoxam. These results suggest that chlorfenapyr, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam may be used as soil termiticides, whereas fipronil can be used both as soil termiticide and in termite baiting programs.

Keywords

• Fungus-growing termites,neurotoxins,soil treatment,termite baiting

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