Yerel diatomit topraklarının depolanmış tahıl zararlılarına karşı insektisidal etkinliği üzerine sıcaklığın etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, 2017 yılında Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi’nin Entomoloji Laboratuvarı’nda Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinden elde edilen yerel diatom toprağının depolanmış tahıl zararlısı, Pirinç biti, Sitophilus oryzae (L, 1763) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Kırma un biti, Tribolium confusum Du Val., 1863 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) ve Ekin kambur biti Rhyzopertha dominica (F., 1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)’ne karşı insektisidal etkinliği üzerine sıcaklığın etkisini belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla buğday üzerinde üç farklı sıcaklıklarda (20, 25 ve 30±1ºC) ve %55 nispi nem ortamında buğday üzerinde yerel diatom toprağının 0, 100, 300, 500, 900 ile 1500 ppm (mg/kg) konsantrasyonlarında biyolojik testler yürütülmüştür. Mevcut çalışma sıcaklığın test edilen yerel diatom toprağın depolanmış tahıl zararlılarının karşı etkinliği üzerine önemli etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışmada sıcaklığın yerel diatom toprağının etkinliğine etkisi test edilen böcek türüne ve diatom konsantrasyonuna göre değişiklik gösterdiği görülmüştür. Yerel diatom toprağı uygulamalarında sıcaklık artışıyla S. oryzae ve T. confusum erginlerinin ölüm oranlarında artış saptanırken 30ºC’deki ölüm oranlarının 20ºC ve 25ºC’deki ölüm oranlarından önemli derecede daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ancak, yerel diatom toprağı uygulanan R. dominica erginlerinde ise 20ºC sıcaklıkta elde edilen R. dominica erginlerinin ölüm oranlarının 25ºC ve 30ºC sıcaklıktan elde edilen ölüm oranlarından daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, 500 ppm ila 900 ppm arasında değişen düşük konsantrasyonlarda T. confusum ve S. oryzae erginlerinde %100 ölüm oranının elde edildiğini göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada yürütülen biyolojik test sonuçlarına göre, yerel diatom toprak formülasyonun (ACN-1), buğday üzerinde depolanmış tahıl böceklerinin kontrolünde kullanılma potansiyeline sahip olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yerel diatom toprağı,Rhyzopertha dominica,Sitophilus oryzae,sıcaklık,Tribolium confusum

Effect of temperature on insecticidal efficiency of local diatomaceous earth against stored-grain insects

Abstract

A study was conducted in 2017 in Entomology Laboratory of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University to determine effect of temperature on insecticidal efficacy of local diatomaceous earth (DE), collected from Turkey, against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum du Val., 1863 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F., 1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Bioassays were performed at three temperatures (20, 25 and 30ºC) and 55% RH on wheat treated with 0, 100, 300, 500, 900 and 1500 ppm (mg DE/kg grain) concentrations of local DE. Temperature had significant effect on insecticidal efficacy of local DE against the tested stored-grain insects. The effect of temperature on the insecticidal efficacy of local DE varied with insect species and concentration. Mortality of S. oryzae and T. confusum adults generally increased with increasing temperature and mortality at 30ºC was significantly higher than at 20 and 25ºC. However, for R. dominica adults treated with local DE, mortality at 20ºC were significantly higher than at 25 and 30ºC. The results indicated that complete mortality of T. confusum and S. oryzae can be achieved at lower concentrations ranging from 500 to 900 ppm. In conclusion, local DE formulation (ACN-1) has potential to be used for control of stored-grain insects.

Keywords

• Local diatomaceous earth,Rhyzopertha dominica,Sitophilus oryzae,temperature,Tribolium confusum

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