Bitki paraziti nematodlarının neden olduğu bazı dayanıklı ve hassas buğday çeşitlerinin histopatolojik değişiklikleri

Öz

Kök lezyon nematodları, Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 ve Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) ve Tahıl kist nematodları Heterodera avenae Wollenweber, 1924 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) konukçu bitki köklerinde beslenen ve ekonomik olarak önemli hareketli ve hareketsiz endoparazitlerdir. Bu çalışmada, P. thornei, P. neglectus ve H. avenae ile bulaştırma yapılan dayanıklı ve hassas buğday çeşitlerindeki hücresel değişimler 2017-2018 yılları arasında incelenmiştir. Buğday çeşitleri, P. neglectus, P. thornei ve H. avenae türleri ile ayrı ayrı olarak ve H. avenae ile P. thornei birlikte inokule edilmiştir. İnokulasyondan on iki hafta sonra, buğday çeşitlerinin kökleri yıkanıp parafin içerisine sabitlenmiş, mikrotom ile kesilip kök hücre preparatları hazırlanmış ve kök hücrelerindeki histopatolojik değişimlerin ışık mikroskobu altında incelenmiştir. Kök lezyon nematodlarının, epidermal hücrelerden kortikal hücrelere doğru beslenme yolu boyunca hücrelere zarar vererek hareket ettiği gözlenmiştir. Nematod infeksiyonundan dolayı çoğu buğday çeşidinin, korteks hücrelerinde birçok oyuğun oluşumuyla kök dokusu tahrip olmuştur. Ayrıca, farklı hücrelerde düz ya da kıvrılmış şekilde, aynı bölgede toplu bir şekilde beslenen birçok kök lezyon nematodları gözlenmiştir.Heterodera avenae bireyleri de kök lezyon nematodları gibi korteks hücrelerinden beslenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tahıl kist nematodları,Heterodera avenae,histopatoloji,kök lezyon nematodları,buğday

Histopathological changes of some resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars caused by plant parasitic nematodes

Abstract

Root lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 and Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae), and cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae Wollenweber, 1924 (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) are economically important migratory and sedentary endoparasites on host plant roots. In this study, cellular variations in roots of resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars infected by P. thornei, P. neglectus and H. avenae were investigated between 2017 and 2018. Wheat cultivars were infected with P. neglectus, P. thornei, and H. avenae, separately and H. avenae and P. thornei together. Twelve weeks after inoculation, roots were washed, embedded in paraffin, cut by microtome. The root cell slides were examined under light microscope for histopathological changes in the root cells. The root lesion nematodes moved from epidermal to cortical cells by damaging the cells along the feeding path. Due to the nematode infection, cortical cells of most wheat cultivars were destroyed by the development of many cavities in the root tissue. Also, it was observed that many root lesion nematodes fed collectively on the same site either stretched out or coiled in different cell layers. Heterodera avenae fed on the cortex cells as did root lesion nematode.

Keywords

• Cereal cyst nematodes,Heterodera avenae,histopathology,root lesion nematodes,wheat

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