Omurgalılar tarafından yutulan Coccotrypes dactyliperda Fabricius, 1801 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)’yı yetiştirmenin esnekliği

Öz

Kanatlı ve karada yaşayan predatörler, bazıları spermatofag böcekler ile bulaşık olabilen çok sayıda palmiye meyvesini tüketmektedirler. Arazi gözlemleri, bazı böcek türlerinin larvalarının mide-bağırsak kanalından geçişte hayatta kaldıklarını göstermektedir. Bu makale, Hurma böceği,Coccotrypes dactyliperda Fabricius, 1801 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)’nın omurgalılar tarafından yutulmaya karşı direncini değerlendirmek amacıyla, enfekte olmuş Phoenix canariensis (Chabaud, 1882) (Arecales: Arecaceae) tohumlarından yetiştirilen böcek örnekleri 2018 yılında Charles Sturt Üniversitesi (Albury, Avustralya)’ndeki bir laboratuvar ortamında in vitro da simüle edilmiş mide ve bağırsak sıvılarına maruz bırakılmıştır. Galerilerinde tohumların içinde korunan böcekler arasında gözlenen ölüm oranı düşük (%11-24) saptanmıştır. Sürekli yetiştirme başarısı, daldırmadan sonra tohumları terk eden çok sayıda böcekten dolayı etkilenmiştir. Toplam ölüm oranı, 12 saat veya daha uzun süre maruz kalan korunmasız böcekler arasında meydana gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, yutulan tohumlar içindeki ergin böceklerin ölüm oranı çok düşük olduğundan, omurgalı vektörleri sayesinde bu türlerin orta ila uzun mesafe dağılımına yardımcı olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyocoğrafya,sindirime dirençli böcekler,endokori,zararlı böcekler,fizyoloji

Resilience of breeding Coccotrypes dactyliperda Fabricius, 1801 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to ingestion by vertebrates

Abstract

Volant and terrestrial predators consume a wide range of palm drupes, some of which may be infested by spermatophagus beetles. Field observations suggest that the larvae of some beetle species survive the passage through the gastrointestinal tract. To assess the resilience of the date stone beetle, Coccotrypes dactyliperda Fabricius, 1801 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to ingestion by vertebrates, specimens reared from infested Phoenix canariensis (Chabaud, 1882) (Arecales: Arecaceae) seeds were exposed in vitro to simulated gastric and intestinal fluids in a laboratory setting at Charles Sturt University (Albury, Australia) in 2018. The observed mortality among beetles protected in their galleries inside the seeds was low (11-24%). The continued breeding success was affected by numerous beetles abandoning the seeds after immersion. Total mortality occurred among unprotected beetles exposed for 12 h or longer. This study demonstrates that as mortality of adult beetles inside ingested seeds is very low, vertebrate vectors may aid in the medium- to long-distance dispersal of the species.

Keywords

• Biogeography,digestion-resistant insects,endochory,insect pests,physiology

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