Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) esansiyel yağının Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)’a karşı fumigant toksisitesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) distilasyonundan elde edilen uçucu yağın, Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)’ün farklı gelişme dönemleri üzerindeki etkisi test edilmiştir. Larva, pupa ve ergin dönemdeki T. molitor bireyleri, 24 saat boyunca farklı dozlarda H. perforatum uçucu yağına maruz bırakılmıştır. Uygulama sonrası, böceklerin ölüm oranları, LC₅₀, LC₉₀ ve LC₉₉ değerleri, antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri [süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), glutatyon-S-transferaz (GST) ve glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx)], asetilkolinesteraz (AChE) aktivitesi ve malondialdehit (MDA) seviyeleri ölçülmüştür. Tenebrio molitor Gazi Üniversitesi Biyoloji Bölümü’nde kültüre alınmış ve analizler 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi'nde yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, T. molitor’un pupa döneminin en toleranslı; ergin döneminin ise en hassas dönem olduğunu belirtmektedir. Ölüm oranları, maruz kalınan uçucu yağ konsantrasyonunun artmasıyla artmıştır. Ayrıca, artan uçucu yağ dozları, SOD, CAT, GST GPx ve AChE aktivitelerinde azalmaya, MDA düzeyinde ise artışa neden olmuştur. Bu sonuçlar, H. perforatum uçucu yağının, T. molitor ile mücadelede önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antioksidan enzimler
• GC-MS
• Hypericum
• insektisidal aktivite
• un kurdu
• pestisit

Fumigant toxicity of essential oil of Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) to Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Abstract

In this study, vapor of essential oil obtained by the hydrodistillation of Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) was tested on the different stages of Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The larvae, pupae and adult stages of T. molitor were exposed to different doses of H. perforatum essential oil for 24 h. After exposure, mortality rate, LC50, LC90 and LC99 values, antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the insects. Tenebrio molitor was cultured at Gazi University Department of Biology and all analyses were done in Yozgat Bozok University in 2017 and 2018. The results indicated that the pupae of T. molitor were the most tolerant and adults were the most sensitive. Mortality increased with the increasing concentration of essential oil. Also, increasing doses of essential oil caused decreasing in SOD, CAT, GST GPx and AChE activities and increasing in MDA level. These results indicate that essential oil of H. perforatum can be used against T. molitor in a pest control program.

Keywords

• Antioxidant enzymes
• GC-MS
• Hypericum
• insecticidal activity
• meal worm
• pesticide

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