Asya kestanesi gal arısı, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)'ya karşı bazı entomopatojen nematodların mücadele potansiyelleri

Öz

Asya kestane gal arısı, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) dünya çapında hızla yayılmaktadır ve kestane içinde %80 ürün kaybına neden olabilmektedir. Dryocosmus kuriphilus larvaları kestane galleri içinde iyi korunduğu için kimyasal mücadelede, insektisitler etkisiz kalmaktadır. Dryocosmus kuriphilus'un çeşitli parazitoidleri Avrupa'da yetiştirilmektedir. Ancak, yerel Avrupa parazitoitleri D. kuriphilus popülasyonunu ekonomik zarar eşiğinin altında tutamamıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, D. kuriphilus'a karşı alternatif bir biyolojik mücadele ajanı olarak bazı entomopatojen nematodların (EPN) potansiyelini belirlemektir. Şimdiye kadar D. kuriphilus üzerinde EPN'ler ile ilgili çalışılmamış olmakla birlikte EPN'lerin toprak üstü zararlılarını enfekte edebileceği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada 4 dozda Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)’nin iki ırkı ile Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae)’nın bir ırkı hem kestane filizlerinde hem de petri kabı deneylerinde D. kuriphilus erginlerine uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışma, 2019 yılında Bursa (Türkiye)’da laboratuvar koşullarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, EPN'lerin D. kuriphilus erginlerini enfekte edebildiklerini kanıtlamıştır. Ayrıca, EPN'lere maruz kalan D. kuriphilus erginlerinin yumurtlama sayısı azalmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Toprak üstü uygulama
• biyolojik mücadele
• Dryocosmus kuriphilus
• entomopatojen nematod

Control potentials of some entomopathogenic nematodes against Asian chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)

Abstract

The Asian chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, 1951 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), has spread rapidly worldwide and can cause 80% product loss in chestnut. In the chemical control insecticides are ineffective because the larvae of the insect are well protected inside the chestnut galls. Various parasitoids of D. kuriphilus have been reared in Europe. However, native European parasitoids cannot keep the D. kuriphilus population below the economic threshold. The purpose of this research was to determine the potential of some entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as an alternative biological control agent. Although EPNs have not been studied on D. kuriphilus until now, it is known that EPNs can infect some above-ground pests. In this study, two strains of Steinernema feltiae Filipjev, 1934 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and one strain of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) with the four dosages were applied against D. kuriphilus adults in both chestnut shoots and petri dishes. The study was conducted in 2019 under laboratory conditions in Bursa (Turkey). The results of the study indicated that the EPNs can infect D. kuriphilus adults. In addition, the numbers of egg laying of D. kuriphilus adults exposed to the EPNs decreased.

Keywords

• Above-ground application
• biological control
• Dryocosmus kuriphilus
• entomopathogenic nematode

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