Typhlodromus recki Wainstein, 1958 (Acari: Phytoseiidae)’nin yerli popülasyonunun Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) üzerinde işlevsel tepkisi ve yumurta verimi

Öz

Bu çalışma 2018-2019 yıllarında Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü’nde avcı akar, Typhlodromus recki Wainstein, 1958 (Acari: Phytoseiidae)’nin besin tüketim potansiyelini belirlemek için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Avcı akar, T. recki’nin iki noktalı kırmızıörümcek (yeşil formu), Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae)’nin farklı biyolojik dönemleri (yumurta, larva, protonimf, deutonimf ve ergin erkek) üzerinde işlevsel tepkisi ve yumurta verimi laboratuvar koşulları altında (25±1°C, %60±10 RH and 16:8 L:D) çalışılmıştır. Denemelerde, avcı akara avın her bir biyolojik dönemi için günlük yedi farklı (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 ve 128) besin yoğunluğu verilmiştir. Regresyan analizi sonuçlarına göre, T. recki avının bütün gelişme dönemlerinde Holling modeline göre Tip II işlevsel tepki gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Avcı akarın arama (α) ve avlanma kapasiteleri (Th) av biyolojik dönemlerine bağlı olarak değişkenlik göstermiştir. Avcı akara ait en yüksek α değeri ve en düşük Th değeri, avının larva ve yumurtası ile beslendiğinde sırası ile 1.035 ve 0.001 olarak belirlenmiştir. Avcı akar tarafından tüketilen günlük en yüksek yumurta dönemi 128 av yoğunluğunda 111 olmuştur. Avcı akar tarafından bırakılan günlük en yüksek yumurta sayısı ise, T. urticae’nin 8 protonimf yoğunluğunda 1.05 bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, T. recki’nin günlük bıraktığı en düşük yumurta sayısı ise 2 av yoğunluğunda 0.15 olarak T. urticae’nin ergin erkekleri ile beslendiğinde saptanmıştır. Bu çalışma T. recki’nin, T. urticae’nin mücadelesinde kullanılmak üzere etkili ve ümit var bir biyolojik savaş etmeni olabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyolojik savaş
• üreme
• Phytoseiidae
• Predatör akar
• Tetranychus urticae

Functional response and egg production of a native Typhlodromus recki Wainstein, 1958 (Acari: Phytoseiidae) population to Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Abstract

In this study, which was conducted to determine predation potential of Typhlodromus recki Wainstein, 1958 (Acari: Phytoseiidae) at Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection in 2018-2019. Functional response and egg production of the predatory mite, T. recki fed on different biological stages (egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult male) of the two-spotted spider mite (green form), Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) were studied under laboratory conditions (25±1°C, 60±10% RH and 16:8 h L:D photoperiod). In the experiments, seven prey densities (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128) for each biological stage of the prey were offered daily to the predatory mite. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that T. recki had a Type II functional response on each developmental stage of its prey according to Holling’s models. The attack rate (α) and the handling time (Th) varied based on the biological stages of the prey. The highest α and the lowest Th values were determined as 1.035 and 0.001 when the predator fed on larvae and eggs of its prey, respectively. The highest average daily mean number of the eggs consumed by T. recki was 111 at 128 prey densities. The highest average daily mean number of eggs deposited by the predator were found to be 1.05 when it fed on the eight-prey density of T. urticae protonymphs. In addition, the lowest average daily mean number of eggs deposited by the predator was 0.15 when fed on the two-prey density with T. urticae adult males. The study indicates that T. recki could be effective and promising biological control agent for T. urticae.

Keywords

• Biological control
• fecundity
• Phytoseiidae
• predatory mite
• Tetranychus urticae

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