Response of some beneficial insect species to colored sticky traps in citrus

Year 2016, Volume: 40 Issue: 4, 0 - 0, 02.12.2016

Ekrem Atakan Serkan Pehlivan Serdar Satar

Abstract

Colored sticky traps have been commonly used for the sampling of detrimental insect species worldwide. However, there is no information about the catches of non-target insects such as predaceous and pollinating insects by colored traps. In this study, trials with colored sticky traps (white, yellow, blue and green) in mandarin cv Okitsu (Satsuma) trees were carried out during 2011 and 2012 in Adana Province, Turkey. Colored plates were hung, at about 1.7 m above ground level, from the exterior canopy of the selected trees and were positioned to the four cardinal directions. A total of 15 beneficial insect species were captured on various colored plates. Yellow and green traps were more attractive to the coccinellid, Oenopia conglobata (L., 1758), than the other colored traps. Significantly more of the predaceous hoverfly, Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776) and the honey bee, Apis mellifera L., 1758 were obtained on white traps. Green and blue traps were the least attractive to A. mellifera. The yellow, blue and green traps hung on the west side of the trees captured significantly more beneficial insects, but white traps hung on the south sides of outer branches trapped considerable numbers of E. balteatus and O. conglobata. White and yellow sticky traps may provide more ecological data for beneficial insects.

Keywords

Apis mellifera, citrus, Episyrphus balteatus, Oenopia conglobata, sticky traps

Turunçgilde faydalı böceklerin yapışkan renkli tuzaklara tepkileri

Abstract

Renkli yapışkan tuzaklar dünyada zararlı böcekleri örneklemek için yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte renkli tuzakların avcı ve polinatör böcek gibi hedef dışı böcekleri yakalamasıyla ilgili bilgiler bulunmamaktadır. Renkli yapışkan tuzak (beyaz, sarı, mavi ve yeşil) denemeleri 2011-2012 yıllarında Adana ilinde Okitsu (Satsuma) mandalinada yürütülmüştür. Renkli plakalar seçilen ağaçların dış dallarına yerden 1.7 m yüksekliğe ve dört ana yöne doğru asılmıştır. Tuzaklarda toplam 15 faydalı böcek türü yakalanmıştır. Sarı ve yeşil tuzaklar coccinellid Oenopia conglobata (L., 1758)’ya diğer tuzaklardan daha çekici olmuşlardır. Beyaz tuzaklar avcı çiçek sineği Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776) ve balarısı Apis mellifera L., 1758’ nı önemli ölçüde yakalamıştır. Mavi ve yeşil tuzaklar A. mellifera için en az derecede çekici olmuştur. Sarı, mavi ve yeşil tuzaklar ağaçların batı tarafına asıldığında daha fazla sayıda faydalı böcek yakalamıştır, fakat beyaz tuzaklar güneydeki dış dallara asıldığında dikkate değer sayıda E. balteatus ve O. conglobata yakalamışlardır. Beyaz ve sarı yapışkan tuzaklar faydalı böcekler için daha fazla ekolojik veri sağlayabilirler.

Keywords

Apis mellifera, turunçgil, Episyrphus balteatus, Oenopia conglobata, yapışkan tuzaklar

References

• Başpınar, H. & N. Uygun, 1994. Studies on the determination of Cicadellidae species in citrus orchards in east Mediterranean region of Turkey, and monitoring their population changes by different sampling methods, and food plants, and relationships between stubborn disease and its vector cicadellid. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 18: 9-20.
• Bryne, D. N., P. Von Bretzel & C. J. Hoffman,1986. Impact of trap design and placement when monitoring for the sweet potato whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Environmental Entomology, 15 (2): 300-304.
• Chandler, L. D.,1985. Flight activity of Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in relationship to placement of yellow traps in bell pepper. Journal of Economic Entomology, 78 (4): 825-828.
• Chen, T. Y., C. C. Chu, T. J. Henneberry & K. Umeda, 2004. Monitoring and trapping insects on poinsettia with yellow sticky card trap equipped with light-emitting diodes. HortTechnology,14 (3): 337–341.
• Childers, C. C. & J. K. Brecht, 1996. Colored sticky traps for monitoring Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan) (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) during flowering cycle in citrus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 89 (5): 1240–1249.
• Clausen, C. P., 1972. Entomophagous Insects. Hafner Publishing, Newyork, X+688pp (Reprint).
• Çakır, S. & F. Önder, 1990. Türkiye Geocorinae (Het.:Lygaeidae) altfamilyası üzerinde sistematik ve faunistik araştırmalar. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 14 (1): 37-52.
• Elekçioğlu, N. Z., 2013. Color preference, distribution and damage of thrips associated with lemon and orange in Adana, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45 (6): 1705-1714.
• Gerling, D. & A. R. Horowitz, 1984. Yellow traps for evaluating the population levels and dispersal patterns of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 77 (6): 753-759.
• Hoback, W. W., T. M. Svatos, S. M. Spomer & L. G. Higley, 1999. Trap color and placement affects estimates of insect family-level abundance and diversity in a Nebraska salt marsh. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 91 (3): 393-402.
• Hoddle, M. S., L. Robinson & D. Morgan, 2002. Attraction of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae and Aeolothripidae) to colored sticky cards in California avocado orchard. Crop Protection, 21 (5): 383–388.
• Kansu, A. & N. Uygun, 1980. Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesinde Turunçgil Zararlıları İle Tüm Savaş Olanaklarının Araştırılması. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları 141, Bilimsel Araştırma ve İncelemeler 33, Adana, 63 s.
• Knight, A. L. & E. Miliczky, 2003. Influence of trap colour on the capture of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), honeybees, and non-target flies. Journal of Entomological Society of British Columbia, 100: 65-70.
• Ladd, T. L., B. R. Stinner & H. R. Krueger, 1984. Influence of color and height of eugenol baited sticky traps on attractiveness to northern corn rootworm beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 77 (3): 652-654.
• Lunau, K. & E. J. Maier, 1995. Innate colour preference of flower visitors. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 177 (1): 1-19.
• Maredia, K. M., S. H. Gage, D. D. Landis & T. M. Wirth, 1992. Visual response of Coccinella septempunctata (L.) Hippodamia parenthesis (Say) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephend) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to colors. Biological Control, 2 (3): 253-256.
• Meyerdirk, D. E. & D. S. Moreno, 1984. Flight and color-trap preference of Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in a citrus orchard. Environmental Entomology, 13 (1): 167-170.
• Meyerdirk, D. E. & G. Oldfield, 1985. Evaluation of trap color and height placement for monitoring Circulifer tenellus (Baker) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 117 (4): 505-511.
• Péricart, J., 1972. Hémiptѐres Anthocoridae, Cimicidae et Microphysidae de I’ouest-paléarctique. Masson et Cie Editeurs, Paris, France.
• Resendiz-Ruiz, M. E., 1993. A new predator on the whitefly. Southwestern Entomologist, 18(2): 147–148.
• Robinson, W. S., R. Nowogrodski & R. A. Mors, 1989. The value of honey bees as pollinators of US crops. American Bee Journal, 129 (6): 411-423.
• Rodriguez-Saona C. S., J. A. Byers & D. Schiffhauer, 2012. Effect of trap color and height on capture of blunt-nosed and sharp-nosed leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and non-targeted arthropods in cranberry bogs. Crop Protection, 40: 132-144.
• Schneider, F., 1969. Bionomics and physiology of aphidophagous Syrphidae. Annual Review of Entomology, 14: 103-124.
• Soylu O. Z. & N. Urel, 1977. Güney Anadolu Bölgesi turunçgillerinde zararlı böceklerin parazit ve predatörlerinin tesbiti üzerine araştırmalar. Türkiye Entomoloji Bülteni, 17: 77-104.
• SPSS,2006. SPSS Base 15.0 User’s Guide, Chicago: Prentice Hall.
• Teulon, D. J. & D. R. Penman, 1992. Colour preferences of New Zealand thrips (Terebrantia: Thysanoptera). New Zealand Entomologists 15 (1): 8-13.
• TUİK, 2015. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and 6 Livestock. (Web page: http://www.tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul 7), (Acces Date: May, 2016).
• Uygun, N., 1981. Türkiye Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) Faunası Üzerinde Taksonomik Araştırmalar. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 57, Adana.
• Uygun, N. & E. Şekeroğlu, 1984. Integrated pest management studies in newly established citrus orchard. Türkiye Bitki Koruma Dergisi, 8: 169-175.
• Uygun, N., İ. Karaca, M. R. Ulusoy & D. Şenal, 2001 Turunçgil Zararlıları ve Entegre Mücadelesi (Türkiye Turunçgil Bahçelerinde Entegre Mücadele, Editor, N. Uygun), TÜBİTAK, TARP, 157 s.
• Uygun, N. & S. Satar, 2007. The current situation of citrus pest and their control methods in Turkey. Integrated control in citrus fruit crops. IOBC/WPRS, 38: 2-9.
• Wallis, D. R. & P. W. Shaw, 2008. Evaluation of coloured sticky traps for monitoring beneficial insects in apple orchards. New Zealand Plant Protection, 61: 328-332.
• Yiğit, A. & R. Canhilal, 2005. Establishment and dispersal of Serangium parcesetosum Sicard (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), a predatory beetle of citrus whitefly, Dialeurodes citri Ashm. (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) in the East Mediterranean region of Turkey. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 112 (3): 268–275.