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Integrated management of Mi-1 virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in greenhouse tomatoes

Year 2019, Volume: 43 Issue: 2, 157 - 169, 01.06.2019

Mustafa Çatalkaya Zübeyir Devran

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.526844
Cited By: 1

Abstract

The Mi-1gene in tomato provides a safe and economical strategy for managing root-knot nematodes (RKN). However, the resistance conferred by the Mi-1 gene is not effective against virulent populations of RKNs. In this study, the efficacy of combining the dose effect of the Mi-1gene with Bacillus firmus Bredemann & Wermer, 1933 (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) + fluopyram against Mi-1-virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) after soil solarization was assessed for tomatoes grown in a greenhouse. The study was conducted in a greenhouse in Kepez, Antalya between 2015 and 2016. The second-stage juveniles M. incognita were not detected in the soil for 2 months after solarization completed. The reactions of homozygous or heterozygous resistant tomato plants against Mi-1-virulent populations were not statistically different under greenhouse conditions. Furthermore, B. firmus + fluopyram controlled the RKN population when applied to the soil both during the planting period and when J2 count in the soil started to increase. This study suggests that the soil solarization should be combined with other management methods, and the dose effect of the Mi-1 gene is not important against virulent RKN populations. Additionally, combined B. firmus+ fluopyram have the potential to be used as a suitable management tool for RKN control in tomato production. These findings will help improve integrated management practices for controlling Mi-1-virulent RKN populations.

Keywords

Management Mi-1 gene root-knot nematode solarization tomato virulent

References

  • Abad, P., B. Favery, M. N. Rosso & P. Castagnone-Sereno, 2003. Root-knot nematode parasitism and host response: molecular basis of a sophisticated interaction. Molecular Plant Pathology, 4 (4): 217-224.
  • Anastasiadis, I. A., I. O. Giannakou, D. A. Prophetou-Athanasiadou & S. R. Gowen, 2008. The combined effect of the application of a biocontrol agent Paecilomyces lilacinus, with various practices for the control of root-knot nematodes. Crop Protection, 27: 352-361.
  • Castagnone-Sereno, P., M. Bongiovanni & A. Dalmaso, 1994. Reproduction of virulent isolates of Meloidogyne incognita on susceptible and Mi-resistant tomato. Journal of Nematology, 26 (3): 324-328.
  • Collange, B., M. Navarrete, G. Peyre, T. Mateille & M. Tchamitchian, 2011. Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne) management in vegetable crop production: the challenge of an agronomic system analysis. Crop Protection, 30 (10): 1251-1262.
  • Devran, Z., I. Mıstanoğlu & T. Özalp, 2017. Occurrence of mixed populations of root-knot nematodes in vegetable greenhouses in Turkey, as determined by PCR Screening. Journal of Plant Diseases Protection, 124: 617-630.
  • Devran, Z. & M. A. Söğüt, 2009. Distribution and identification of root-knot nematodes from Turkey. Journal of Nematolology, 41 (2): 128-133.
  • Devran, Z. & M. A. Söğüt, 2010. Occurrence of virulent root-knot nematode populations on tomatoes bearing the Mi gene in protected vegetable-growing areas of Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 38: 245-251.
  • Faske, T. R. & K. Hurd, 2015. Sensitivity of Meloidogyne incognita and Rothylenchulus reniformis to Fluopyram. Journal of Nematology, 47 (4): 316-321.
  • Ferris, H. & J. W. Noling, 1987. “Analysis and Prediction as a Basis for Management Decisions, 49-81”. In: Principles and Practice of Nematode Control in Crops (Eds. R. H. Brown & B. R. Kerry). Academic Press, Sydney, New York, London, Montreal, Tokyo, 447 pp.
  • Garris, S., 2017. Velum prime technical presentation. (Web page: http://www.laca1.org/Presentations/2017/ GeneralAndET/Emerging%20Technologies%20-%20Bayer.pdf) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Giannakou, I. O., I. A. Anastasiadis, S. R. Gowen & D. A. Prophetou-Athanasiadou, 2007. Effects of a non-chemical nematicide combined with soil solarization for the control of root-knot nematodes. Crop Protection, 26: 1644-1654.
  • Giannakou, I. O., D. G. Karpouzas & D. Prophetou-Athanasiadou, 2004. A novel non-chemical nematicide for the control of root-knot nematodes. Applied Soil Ecology, 26: 69-79.
  • Greco, N., 1999. Alternatives to methyl bromide to control plant parasitic nematodes in greenhouses. (Web page: http://www.minagric.gr/ greek/data/files2251/greco1.doc) (Date accessed: 10 February 2018).
  • Hallman, J., K. G. Davies & R. Sikora, 2009. “Biological Control Using Microbial Pathogens, Endophytes and Antagonists, 380-411”. In: Root-Knot Nematodes (Eds. R. N. Perry, M. Moens & J. L. Starr). CABI, London, 488 pp.
  • Hartman, K. M., J. N. Sasser, 1985. “Identification of Meloidogyne species on the Basis of Different Host Test and Perineal Pattern Morphology, 69-77”. In: An Advanced Treatise on Meloidogyne, Vol. 2: Metholodology (Eds. K. R. Barker, C. C. Carter & J. N. Sasser). North Carolina State University Graphics, Raleigh, 223 pp.
  • Heiken, J. A., 2017. The Effects of Fluopyram on Nematodes. North Carolina State University, (Unpublished) MSc Thesis, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA, 75 pp.
  • Hooper, D. J., 1986. “Handling, Fixing, Staining and Mounting Nematodes, 58-80”. In: Laboratory Methods for Work with Plant and Soil Nematodes (Ed. J. F. Southey). Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 202 pp.
  • Iberkleid, I., R. Ozalvo, L. Feldman, M. Elbaz, B. Patricia & S. B. Horowitz, 2014. Responses of tomato genotypes to avirulent and Mi-virulent Meloidogyne javanica isolates occurring in Israel. Phytopathology, 104: 484-496.
  • Jacquet, M., M. Bongiovanni, M. Martínez, P. Verschave, E. Wajnberg & P. Castagnone-Sereno, 2005. Variation in resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in tomato genotypes bearing the Mi gene. Plant Pathology, 54: 93-99.
  • Jarquin-Barberena, H., A. Dalmasso, G. De Guiran, M. C. Cardin, 1991. Acquired virulence in the plant parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. I. Biological analysis of the phenomenon. Revue Nématology, 14: 299-303.
  • Jones, J. T., A. Haegeman, E. G. J. Danchin, H. S. Gaur, J. Helder, M. G. K. Jones, T. Kikuchi, R. Manzanilla-Lopez, J. E. Palomares-Rius, W. M. L. Wesemael & R. N. Perry, 2013. Top 10 plant-parasitic nematodes in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology, 14 (9): 946-961.
  • Kaloshian, I., V. M. Williamson, G. Miyao, D. A. Lawn & B. B. Westerdahl, 1996. "Resistance-breaking" nematodes identified in California tomatoes. California Agriculture, 50: 18-19.
  • Karssen, G. & M. Moens, 2006. “Root-Knot Nematodes, 59-90”. In: Plant Nematology (Eds. R. N. Perry & M. Moens). CABI, London, 568 pp.
  • Katan, J., 1996. “Soil Solarization: Integrated Control Aspect, 250-278”. In: Principles and Practice of Managing Soilborne Plant Pathogens (Eds. R. Hall). APS Press, St. Paul, 330 pp.
  • Keren-Zur, M., J. Antonov, A. Bercovitz, K. Feldman, A. Husid, G. Kenan, N. Markov & M. Rebhun, 2000. Bacillus fiacil formulations for the safe control of root-knot nematodes. (Web page: http://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20003031309) (Date accessed: 10 February 2019).
  • Lawrence, K., P. Huang, G. Lawrence, T. Faske, C. Overstreet, T. Wheeler, H. Young, R. Kemarait & H. Mehl, 2015. Beltwide nematode research and education committee 2014 nematode research report cotton varietal and nematicide responses in nematode soils. (Web page: http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2018/data/conferences/2015/papers/15955.pdf) (Date accessed: 10 February 2019).
  • Mendoza, A. R., S. Kiewnick & R. A. Sikora, 2008. In vitro activity of Bacillus firmus against the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis, the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 18: 377-389.
  • Mıstanoğlu, I., T. Özalp & Z. Devran, 2016. Response of tomato seedlings with different number of true leaves to Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 40 (4): 377-383.
  • Ornat, C., S. Verdejo-Lucas & F. J. Sorribas, 2001. A population of Meloidogyne javanica from Spain virulent to the Mi resistance gene in tomato. Plant Disease, 85: 271-276.
  • Randig, O., M. Bongiovanni, R. M. Carneiro & P. Castagnone-Sereno, 2002. Genetic diversity of root- knot nematodes from Brazil and development of SCAR marker specific for the coffee damaging species. Genome, 45 (5): 862-870.
  • Roberts, P. A., 1995. Conceptual and practical aspects of variability in root-knot nematodes related to host plant resistance. Annual Review Phytopathology, 33: 199-221.
  • Roberts, P. A. & I. J. Thomason, 1986. Variability in reproduction of isolates of Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica on resistant tomato genotypes. Plant Diseases, 70: 547-551.
  • Schomaker, C. H. & T. H. Been, 2006. “Plant Growth and Population Dynamics, 275-301”. In: Plant Nematology (Eds. R. N. Perry & M. Moens). CABI, London, 568 pp.
  • Smith, P. G., 1944. Embryo culture of a tomato species hybrid. Proceeding of American Society for Horticultural Science, 44: 413-416.
  • Souza, N. L., 1994. Solarizacao do solo. Summa Phytopathologica, 20: 3-15.
  • Terefe, M., T. Tefera & P. K. Sakhuja, 2009. Effect of a formulation of Bacillus firmus on root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infestation and the growth of tomato plants in the greenhouse and nursery. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 100: 94-99.
  • Terefe, M., T. Tefera & P. K. Sakhuja, 2012. Biocontrol (formulation of Bacillus firmus (BioNem)) of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants in the field. Ethiopian Journal Agricultural Sciences, 22 (1): 102-116.
  • TUIK, 2015. Production quantities and cultivation of tomatoes and in Turkey. (Web page: http://www.biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul) (Date accessed: 15 November 2018).
  • Tzortzakakis, E. A., M. A. M. Adam, V. C. Blok, C. Paraskevopoulos & K. Bourtzis, 2005. Occurrence of resistance-breaking populations of root-knot nematodes on tomato in Greece. European Journal Plant Pathology, 113: 101-105.
  • Tzortzakakis, E. A., D. L. Trudgill & M. S. Phillips, 1998. Evidence for a dosage effect of the Mi gene on partially virulent isolates of Meloidogyne javanica. Journal of Nematology, 30 (1): 76-80.
  • Verdejo-Lucas, S., L. Cortada, F. J. Sorribas & C. Ornat, 2009. Selection of virulent populations of Meloidogyne javanica by repeated cultivation of Mi resistance gene tomato rootstocks under field conditions. Plant Pathology, 58: 990-998.
  • Verdejo-Lucas, S., M. Talavera & M. F. Andrés, 2012. Virulence response to the Mi.1 gene of Meloidogyne populations from tomato in greenhouses. Crop Protection, 39: 97-105.
  • Walia, R. K., S. B. Sharma & R. Vats, 2000. “Bacterial Antagonists of Phytonematodes, 173-186”. In: Biocontrol Potential, and Its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture: Crop Diseases, Weeds and, Nematodes, Vol. I. (Eds. R. R. Upadhyay, K. G. Mukerji & B. P. Chamola). Kluwer Academy Plenum, New York, 294 pp.
  • Walia, R. K. & R. Vats, 2000. “Fungal Antagonists of Phytonematodes, 155-172”. In: Biocontrol Potential, and Its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture: Crop Diseases, Weeds and, Nematodes, Vol. I. (Eds. R. R. Upadhyay, K. G. Mukerji & B. P. Chamola). Kluwer Academy Plenum, New York, 294 pp.
  • Wang, J., C. A. Bradley, O. Stenzel, D. K. Pedersen, U. Reuter-Carlson & M. I. Chilvers, 2017. Baseline sensitivity of Fusarium virguliforme to fluopyram fungicide. Plant Diseases, 101 (4): 576-582.
  • Wesemael, W. M. L., N. Viaene & M. Moens, 2011. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Europe. Nematology, 13 (1): 3-16.
  • Zeck, W. M., 1971. A Rating scheme for field evaluation of root-knot nematode infestation. Pflanzenschutz Nachrichten, 10: 141-144.
  • Zijlstra, C., D. T. H. M. Donkers-Venne & M. Fargette, 2000. Identification of Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica and M. arenaria using sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) based PCR assays. Nematology, 2 (8): 847-853.

Örtüaltı domates yetiştiriciliğinde Mi-1 virülent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae)’ya karşı entegre mücadele

Year 2019, Volume: 43 Issue: 2, 157 - 169, 01.06.2019

Mustafa Çatalkaya Zübeyir Devran

https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.526844
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Domatesteki Mi-1geni, kök-ur nematodları kontrol için güvenli ve ekonomik mücadele sağlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, Mi-1geninin sağladığı dayanıklılık virülent kök-ur nematodlarına karşı etkili değildir. Bu çalışmada, solarizasyon uygulamasından sonra serada yetiştirilen domatesler için Mi-1 virülent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) popülasyonuna karşı Bacillus firmus Bredemann & Wermer, 1933 (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) + fluopyram kombinasyonları ile Mi-1geninin doz etkisinin kombinasyonunun etkinliği değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma 2015-2016 yılları arasında Antalya, Kepez bölgesindeki serada yürütülmüştür. Solarizasyon uygulamasından sonra toprakta iki ay boyunca M. incognita ikinci dönem larva tespit edilmemiştir. Sera koşullarında Mi-1virülent popülasyona karşı, homozigot-heterezigot dayanıklı domates bitkilerinin reaksiyonlarında istatistiksel farklılık olmamıştır. Ayrıca, B. firmus + fluopyram kombinasyonu, hem bitki dikim döneminde uygulandığında hem de toprakta J2 sayısı artmaya başladığı anda uygulandığında kök-ur nematod popülasyonunu kontrol altına almıştır. Bu çalışma, toprak solarizasyonunun diğer mücadele yöntemleriyle kombine edilebilir ve Mi-1 geninin doz etkisinin virülent kök-ur nematodlarına karşı önemli olmadığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, B. firmus + fluopyram kombinasyonu, domates üretimlerinde kök-ur nematolarının kontrolünde uygun bir mücadele aracı olarak kullanılabilme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu bulgular, Mi-1 virülent kök-ur nematod popülasyonlarının kontrolü için entegre mücadele yöntemlerinin gelişmesine yardım edebilecektir.

Keywords

Mücadele Mi-1 geni kök-ur nematodları solarizasyon domates virülent

References

  • Abad, P., B. Favery, M. N. Rosso & P. Castagnone-Sereno, 2003. Root-knot nematode parasitism and host response: molecular basis of a sophisticated interaction. Molecular Plant Pathology, 4 (4): 217-224.
  • Anastasiadis, I. A., I. O. Giannakou, D. A. Prophetou-Athanasiadou & S. R. Gowen, 2008. The combined effect of the application of a biocontrol agent Paecilomyces lilacinus, with various practices for the control of root-knot nematodes. Crop Protection, 27: 352-361.
  • Castagnone-Sereno, P., M. Bongiovanni & A. Dalmaso, 1994. Reproduction of virulent isolates of Meloidogyne incognita on susceptible and Mi-resistant tomato. Journal of Nematology, 26 (3): 324-328.
  • Collange, B., M. Navarrete, G. Peyre, T. Mateille & M. Tchamitchian, 2011. Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne) management in vegetable crop production: the challenge of an agronomic system analysis. Crop Protection, 30 (10): 1251-1262.
  • Devran, Z., I. Mıstanoğlu & T. Özalp, 2017. Occurrence of mixed populations of root-knot nematodes in vegetable greenhouses in Turkey, as determined by PCR Screening. Journal of Plant Diseases Protection, 124: 617-630.
  • Devran, Z. & M. A. Söğüt, 2009. Distribution and identification of root-knot nematodes from Turkey. Journal of Nematolology, 41 (2): 128-133.
  • Devran, Z. & M. A. Söğüt, 2010. Occurrence of virulent root-knot nematode populations on tomatoes bearing the Mi gene in protected vegetable-growing areas of Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 38: 245-251.
  • Faske, T. R. & K. Hurd, 2015. Sensitivity of Meloidogyne incognita and Rothylenchulus reniformis to Fluopyram. Journal of Nematology, 47 (4): 316-321.
  • Ferris, H. & J. W. Noling, 1987. “Analysis and Prediction as a Basis for Management Decisions, 49-81”. In: Principles and Practice of Nematode Control in Crops (Eds. R. H. Brown & B. R. Kerry). Academic Press, Sydney, New York, London, Montreal, Tokyo, 447 pp.
  • Garris, S., 2017. Velum prime technical presentation. (Web page: http://www.laca1.org/Presentations/2017/ GeneralAndET/Emerging%20Technologies%20-%20Bayer.pdf) (Date accessed: December 2018).
  • Giannakou, I. O., I. A. Anastasiadis, S. R. Gowen & D. A. Prophetou-Athanasiadou, 2007. Effects of a non-chemical nematicide combined with soil solarization for the control of root-knot nematodes. Crop Protection, 26: 1644-1654.
  • Giannakou, I. O., D. G. Karpouzas & D. Prophetou-Athanasiadou, 2004. A novel non-chemical nematicide for the control of root-knot nematodes. Applied Soil Ecology, 26: 69-79.
  • Greco, N., 1999. Alternatives to methyl bromide to control plant parasitic nematodes in greenhouses. (Web page: http://www.minagric.gr/ greek/data/files2251/greco1.doc) (Date accessed: 10 February 2018).
  • Hallman, J., K. G. Davies & R. Sikora, 2009. “Biological Control Using Microbial Pathogens, Endophytes and Antagonists, 380-411”. In: Root-Knot Nematodes (Eds. R. N. Perry, M. Moens & J. L. Starr). CABI, London, 488 pp.
  • Hartman, K. M., J. N. Sasser, 1985. “Identification of Meloidogyne species on the Basis of Different Host Test and Perineal Pattern Morphology, 69-77”. In: An Advanced Treatise on Meloidogyne, Vol. 2: Metholodology (Eds. K. R. Barker, C. C. Carter & J. N. Sasser). North Carolina State University Graphics, Raleigh, 223 pp.
  • Heiken, J. A., 2017. The Effects of Fluopyram on Nematodes. North Carolina State University, (Unpublished) MSc Thesis, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA, 75 pp.
  • Hooper, D. J., 1986. “Handling, Fixing, Staining and Mounting Nematodes, 58-80”. In: Laboratory Methods for Work with Plant and Soil Nematodes (Ed. J. F. Southey). Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 202 pp.
  • Iberkleid, I., R. Ozalvo, L. Feldman, M. Elbaz, B. Patricia & S. B. Horowitz, 2014. Responses of tomato genotypes to avirulent and Mi-virulent Meloidogyne javanica isolates occurring in Israel. Phytopathology, 104: 484-496.
  • Jacquet, M., M. Bongiovanni, M. Martínez, P. Verschave, E. Wajnberg & P. Castagnone-Sereno, 2005. Variation in resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in tomato genotypes bearing the Mi gene. Plant Pathology, 54: 93-99.
  • Jarquin-Barberena, H., A. Dalmasso, G. De Guiran, M. C. Cardin, 1991. Acquired virulence in the plant parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. I. Biological analysis of the phenomenon. Revue Nématology, 14: 299-303.
  • Jones, J. T., A. Haegeman, E. G. J. Danchin, H. S. Gaur, J. Helder, M. G. K. Jones, T. Kikuchi, R. Manzanilla-Lopez, J. E. Palomares-Rius, W. M. L. Wesemael & R. N. Perry, 2013. Top 10 plant-parasitic nematodes in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology, 14 (9): 946-961.
  • Kaloshian, I., V. M. Williamson, G. Miyao, D. A. Lawn & B. B. Westerdahl, 1996. "Resistance-breaking" nematodes identified in California tomatoes. California Agriculture, 50: 18-19.
  • Karssen, G. & M. Moens, 2006. “Root-Knot Nematodes, 59-90”. In: Plant Nematology (Eds. R. N. Perry & M. Moens). CABI, London, 568 pp.
  • Katan, J., 1996. “Soil Solarization: Integrated Control Aspect, 250-278”. In: Principles and Practice of Managing Soilborne Plant Pathogens (Eds. R. Hall). APS Press, St. Paul, 330 pp.
  • Keren-Zur, M., J. Antonov, A. Bercovitz, K. Feldman, A. Husid, G. Kenan, N. Markov & M. Rebhun, 2000. Bacillus fiacil formulations for the safe control of root-knot nematodes. (Web page: http://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20003031309) (Date accessed: 10 February 2019).
  • Lawrence, K., P. Huang, G. Lawrence, T. Faske, C. Overstreet, T. Wheeler, H. Young, R. Kemarait & H. Mehl, 2015. Beltwide nematode research and education committee 2014 nematode research report cotton varietal and nematicide responses in nematode soils. (Web page: http://www.cotton.org/beltwide/proceedings/2005-2018/data/conferences/2015/papers/15955.pdf) (Date accessed: 10 February 2019).
  • Mendoza, A. R., S. Kiewnick & R. A. Sikora, 2008. In vitro activity of Bacillus firmus against the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis, the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 18: 377-389.
  • Mıstanoğlu, I., T. Özalp & Z. Devran, 2016. Response of tomato seedlings with different number of true leaves to Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 40 (4): 377-383.
  • Ornat, C., S. Verdejo-Lucas & F. J. Sorribas, 2001. A population of Meloidogyne javanica from Spain virulent to the Mi resistance gene in tomato. Plant Disease, 85: 271-276.
  • Randig, O., M. Bongiovanni, R. M. Carneiro & P. Castagnone-Sereno, 2002. Genetic diversity of root- knot nematodes from Brazil and development of SCAR marker specific for the coffee damaging species. Genome, 45 (5): 862-870.
  • Roberts, P. A., 1995. Conceptual and practical aspects of variability in root-knot nematodes related to host plant resistance. Annual Review Phytopathology, 33: 199-221.
  • Roberts, P. A. & I. J. Thomason, 1986. Variability in reproduction of isolates of Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica on resistant tomato genotypes. Plant Diseases, 70: 547-551.
  • Schomaker, C. H. & T. H. Been, 2006. “Plant Growth and Population Dynamics, 275-301”. In: Plant Nematology (Eds. R. N. Perry & M. Moens). CABI, London, 568 pp.
  • Smith, P. G., 1944. Embryo culture of a tomato species hybrid. Proceeding of American Society for Horticultural Science, 44: 413-416.
  • Souza, N. L., 1994. Solarizacao do solo. Summa Phytopathologica, 20: 3-15.
  • Terefe, M., T. Tefera & P. K. Sakhuja, 2009. Effect of a formulation of Bacillus firmus on root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infestation and the growth of tomato plants in the greenhouse and nursery. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 100: 94-99.
  • Terefe, M., T. Tefera & P. K. Sakhuja, 2012. Biocontrol (formulation of Bacillus firmus (BioNem)) of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants in the field. Ethiopian Journal Agricultural Sciences, 22 (1): 102-116.
  • TUIK, 2015. Production quantities and cultivation of tomatoes and in Turkey. (Web page: http://www.biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul) (Date accessed: 15 November 2018).
  • Tzortzakakis, E. A., M. A. M. Adam, V. C. Blok, C. Paraskevopoulos & K. Bourtzis, 2005. Occurrence of resistance-breaking populations of root-knot nematodes on tomato in Greece. European Journal Plant Pathology, 113: 101-105.
  • Tzortzakakis, E. A., D. L. Trudgill & M. S. Phillips, 1998. Evidence for a dosage effect of the Mi gene on partially virulent isolates of Meloidogyne javanica. Journal of Nematology, 30 (1): 76-80.
  • Verdejo-Lucas, S., L. Cortada, F. J. Sorribas & C. Ornat, 2009. Selection of virulent populations of Meloidogyne javanica by repeated cultivation of Mi resistance gene tomato rootstocks under field conditions. Plant Pathology, 58: 990-998.
  • Verdejo-Lucas, S., M. Talavera & M. F. Andrés, 2012. Virulence response to the Mi.1 gene of Meloidogyne populations from tomato in greenhouses. Crop Protection, 39: 97-105.
  • Walia, R. K., S. B. Sharma & R. Vats, 2000. “Bacterial Antagonists of Phytonematodes, 173-186”. In: Biocontrol Potential, and Its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture: Crop Diseases, Weeds and, Nematodes, Vol. I. (Eds. R. R. Upadhyay, K. G. Mukerji & B. P. Chamola). Kluwer Academy Plenum, New York, 294 pp.
  • Walia, R. K. & R. Vats, 2000. “Fungal Antagonists of Phytonematodes, 155-172”. In: Biocontrol Potential, and Its Exploitation in Sustainable Agriculture: Crop Diseases, Weeds and, Nematodes, Vol. I. (Eds. R. R. Upadhyay, K. G. Mukerji & B. P. Chamola). Kluwer Academy Plenum, New York, 294 pp.
  • Wang, J., C. A. Bradley, O. Stenzel, D. K. Pedersen, U. Reuter-Carlson & M. I. Chilvers, 2017. Baseline sensitivity of Fusarium virguliforme to fluopyram fungicide. Plant Diseases, 101 (4): 576-582.
  • Wesemael, W. M. L., N. Viaene & M. Moens, 2011. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Europe. Nematology, 13 (1): 3-16.
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There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Çatalkaya This is me 0000-0003-3431-1520

Zübeyir Devran 0000-0001-7150-284X

Publication Date June 1, 2019
Submission Date February 13, 2019
Acceptance Date April 22, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 43 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çatalkaya, M., & Devran, Z. (2019). Integrated management of Mi-1 virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in greenhouse tomatoes. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 43(2), 157-169. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.526844
AMA Çatalkaya M, Devran Z. Integrated management of Mi-1 virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in greenhouse tomatoes. TED. June 2019;43(2):157-169. doi:10.16970/entoted.526844
Chicago Çatalkaya, Mustafa, and Zübeyir Devran. “Integrated Management of Mi-1 Virulent Meloidogyne Incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in Greenhouse Tomatoes”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 43, no. 2 (June 2019): 157-69. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.526844.
EndNote Çatalkaya M, Devran Z (June 1, 2019) Integrated management of Mi-1 virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in greenhouse tomatoes. Turkish Journal of Entomology 43 2 157–169.
IEEE M. Çatalkaya and Z. Devran, “Integrated management of Mi-1 virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in greenhouse tomatoes”, TED, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 157–169, 2019, doi: 10.16970/entoted.526844.
ISNAD Çatalkaya, Mustafa - Devran, Zübeyir. “Integrated Management of Mi-1 Virulent Meloidogyne Incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in Greenhouse Tomatoes”. Turkish Journal of Entomology 43/2 (June 2019), 157-169. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.526844.
JAMA Çatalkaya M, Devran Z. Integrated management of Mi-1 virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in greenhouse tomatoes. TED. 2019;43:157–169.
MLA Çatalkaya, Mustafa and Zübeyir Devran. “Integrated Management of Mi-1 Virulent Meloidogyne Incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in Greenhouse Tomatoes”. Turkish Journal of Entomology, vol. 43, no. 2, 2019, pp. 157-69, doi:10.16970/entoted.526844.
Vancouver Çatalkaya M, Devran Z. Integrated management of Mi-1 virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) in greenhouse tomatoes. TED. 2019;43(2):157-69.

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